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03 August 2021 | Story André Damons | Photo Charl Devenish
Elandré Williams is an analyst in the South African Doping Control Laboratory (SADoCoL), which is housed by the University of the Free State (UFS), and she is primarily responsible for all analyses and method development conducted by the GC-C-IRMS. She believes there are opportunities for more women to contribute to the ever-changing field of science and research. She is also part of the team responsible for all analytical work regarding the analysis of anabolic steroids by GC-MS/MS.

Diversity in the scientific community is of the utmost importance and it is important to know that the inclusion of women in science is inevitable. Women have done so much for the scientific community, and as time goes by, the impact of women in science will become greater, creating more opportunities for other women to come. 

This is according to Mrs Elandré Williams, analyst in the South African Doping Control Laboratory (SADoCoL), housed by the University of the Free State (UFS). Williams, who is primarily responsible for analyses and method development conducted by the GC-C-IRMS, believes there are opportunities for more women to contribute to the ever-changing field of science and research. She is also part of the team responsible for all analytical work regarding the analysis of anabolic steroids by GC-MS/MS.

Possibilities for women as scientists and researchers

“When I look at our field of expertise in the anti-doping community, there are a lot of possibilities for women as scientists and researchers to contribute to the science; the number of women in the laboratories is growing, again taking it back to our laboratory employees, consisting mainly of women scientists.” 

“Young women now have the ability and opportunities to study science, to do research, and to participate in scientific innovations. Scientific laboratories are encouraged to offer positions for women, which can contribute to the empowerment of young women and to encourage women to pursue a career in science,” says Williams. 

Having to find your own way in a scientific community that was once led by men only, can still be challenging at times, but, says Williams, even though women are climbing the ladder quickly, both women and men today still use the science that was once developed by men. This science is now evolving and changed by women. “It is an honour to be a female scientist and to know that the efforts and achievements of our scientific work and excellence will hopefully one day also benefit other women as scientists.”

Making a contribution to the Olympic Games

With the Olympic Games taking place this year, Williams and her colleagues are at the forefront of making a positive contribution to the Games as an anti-doping laboratory. Says Williams: “It is an honour to be a part of something that has a positive impact on sport, as well as something as big as the Olympics. Although the pressure of an Olympic year brought about several challenges, it taught me how to work well under pressure and made me aware of the kind of pressure I can work in.” 

According to her, her first Olympic year at SADoCoL made her realise that the more she does, the more she can do. It is, however, says Williams, not an individual goal, but a combined goal of the SADoCoL team to ensure that they make a positive contribution.  

What challenges do women still face?

Williams believes that women in the 21st century have more opportunities than in previous decades. “In the era we live in, women advocating for women are seen more often and it will remain this way if all women in all areas of life and careers continue to stand up for what they believe in and continue to influence other women in their professional careers. 

“Sexism is one of the biggest challenges facing women in society. Women are excluded from positions that hold power, they are unable to express their concerns, and are also unable to contribute to the authority that mostly men have. Young women are also faced with difficulties when making career choices due to the lack of information and available career opportunities that they can pursue,” says Williams.

These challenges can be addressed by simply realising the impact and role that women play in our society and all over the world. According to Williams, women should be introduced to leadership positions and should be given equal opportunities as men. 

“I do believe that if every person acknowledges the real worth of the person next to them, whatever gender, equality will be established in the near future. Women have become more than just housewives and ‘moms’; in fact, women, just as men, have an incredible force inside them that will be remembered forever if they are given the chance to showcase their capabilities and talents.”  

Science has helped to shape her

“Although these challenges might not be resolved quickly, I do believe that we as women have the power to overcome it, but it begins with us, all women today, to ensure that we leave a positive change in the world for the women coming after us.”

Williams concludes by saying that science – for which you need certain values, such as honesty, courage, being meticulous – helped to shape her into who she is today. “It taught me so much through challenging times where I had the option to either ‘jump in at the deep end and swim’ or drown’; I opted to ‘swim’, and this is a decision that I make every day, and I give it my utmost best. It has shown me what I am capable of and so much more – what I can achieve in the future.”

News Archive

Sunflowers are satellite dishes for sunshine, or are they?
2016-07-20

Eighty-six percent of South Africa’s
sunflowers are produced in the
Free State and North West provinces.

Helen Mirren, the English actress, said “the sunflower is like a satellite dish for sunshine”. However, researchers at the University of the Free State (UFS) have found that too much of this sunshine could have a negative effect on the growth of sunflowers, which are a major source of oil in South Africa.

According to Dr Gert Ceronio from the Department of Soil, Crop, and Climate Sciences at the UFS, extremely high soil temperatures play a definite role in the sprouting of sunflower seedlings. Together with Lize Henning, professional officer in the department, and Dr André Nel from the Agricultural Research Council, he is doing research on biotic and abiotic factors that could have an impact on sunflowers.

Description: Sonneblom 2 Tags: Sonneblom 2

Various degrees of deformity (bad-left
to none-right) in seedlings of the same
cultivar at very high soil temperatures.
Photo: Dr Gert Ceronio

Impact of high temperatures on sunflower production

The Free State and North West provinces, which produce 86% of South Africa’s sunflowers, are afflicted especially by high summer temperatures that lead to extremely high soil temperatures.

Dr Ceronio says: “Although sunflower seeds are able to germinate at temperatures from as low as 4°C to as high as 41°C, soil temperatures of 35°C and higher could have a negative effect on the vegetative faculty of sunflower seedlings, and could have an adverse effect on the percentage of sunflowers that germinate. From the end of November until mid-January, this is a common phenomenon in the sandy soil of the Free State and North West provinces. Soil temperatures can easily exceed the critical temperature of 43°C, which can lead to poor germination and even the replanting of sunflowers.”

Since temperature have a huge impact not only on the germination of sunflower seeds, but also on the vegetative faculty and sprouting of sunflower seedlings, Dr Ceronio suggests that sunflowers should be planted in soil with soil temperatures of 22 to 30°C. Planting is usually done in October and early November. Unfortunately, this is not always possible, as soil moisture is not optimal for growth. Farmers are then compelled to plant sunflowers later.

Impact of herbicides on sunflower growth

“High soil temperatures, combined with the herbicide sensitivity of some cultivars, could lead to the poor development of seedlings," says Dr Ceronio.

The use of herbicides, such as ALACHLOR, for the control of weeds in sunflowers is common practice in sunflower production. It has already been determined that ALACHLOR could still have a damaging effect on the seedlings of some cultivars during germination and sprouting, even at recommended application dosages.

“The purpose of the continued research is to establish the sensitivity of sunflower cultivars to ALACHLOR when exposed to high soil temperatures,” says Dr Ceronio.

 

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