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05 June 2018 Photo Supplied
Digging up truth South Africa was way different to what you thought
Archaeological excavations in the Wonderwerk Cave, north of Kuruman in the Northern Cape.

Research fellow Dr Lloyd Rossouw from the Department of Plant Sciences at the University of the Free State (UFS) recently published an article in the Nature Ecology and Evolution journal with Dr Michaela Ecker from the University of Toronto as lead author, and Dr James Brink, research fellow at the UFS Centre for Environmental Management. The findings described in “The palaeoecological context of the Oldowan-Acheulean in southern Africa” provides the first extensive paleoenvironmental sequence for the interior of southern Africa by applying a combination of methods for environmental reconstruction at Wonderwerk Cave, which have yielded multiple evidence of early human occupation dating back almost two million years ago.

Where water once was
The Wonderwerk Cave is found north of the Kuruman hills (situated in Northern Cape) a 140m long tube with a low ceiling. The surroundings are harsh. Semi-arid conditions allow for the survival of only hardy bushes, trees, and grasses. But during the Early Pleistocene, stepping out of the Wonderwerk Cave you would have been greeted by a completely different site, the researchers found. Using carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis on the teeth of herbivores (Dr Ecker), fossil faunal abundance (Dr Brink), as well as the analysis of microscopic plant silica remains (phytoliths) excavated from fossil soils inside the cave (Dr Rossouw), the results show that ancient environments in the central interior of southern Africa were significantly wetter and housed a plant community unlike any other in the modern African savanna. 

What difference does it make?
While East African research shows increasing aridity and the spread of summer-rainfall grasslands more than a million years ago, the results from this study indicate an interesting twist. During the same period, shifts in rainfall seasonality allowed for alternating summer and winter-rainfall grass occurrences coupled with prolonged wetlands, that remained major components of Early Pleistocene (more or less the period between one and two million years ago) environments in the central interior of southern Africa. That means our human ancestors were also living and evolving in environments other than the generally accepted open, arid grassland model.

News Archive

SIFE students second in national competition
2009-08-21

 
The Students in Free Enterprise (SIFE) team of the University of the Free State (UFS) obtained a second place in the recent national competition held on the campus of the University of Johannesburg. The team, consisting of 80 students from the Main and Qwaqwa Campuses, came first in the category for Entrepreneurship and second in the category for Success Skills, Business Ethics and Financial Literacy. Twenty teams competed in the national competition, of which the University of KwaZulu-Natal will represent SIFE SA in Germany during October 2009. The UFS team who made the presentations was, from the left: Christiaan Steenkamp, a second-year B.Sc. Zoology student; Malefa Bosiu, a first-year LL.B. student; Ms Tessa Ndlovu, Faculty Advisor: SIFE UFS; Zandi Mabizela, a second-year B.Com. Economics student; and Noeleen Thahane, a third-year B.Com. Tourism Management student. Mbulelo Mpofana, a third-year B.Com. Investment Management and Banking student, was absent when the photo was taken.
Photo: Stephen Collett

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