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24 May 2023 | Story André Damons | Photo André Damons
Prof Motlalepula Matsabisa

The African Medicines Innovations and Technologies Development Platform (AMITD) within the Department of Pharmacology at the University of the Free State (UFS) hosted a delegation from the Chinese Embassy in Pretoria, led by the Minister-Counsellor of the People’s Republic of China. The aim of the visit was to cement the collaborative relationship between UFS Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) and the Beijing University of Chinese Medicines (BUCM).

The visit of the Minister-Counsellor, Mr Shen Long, and his staff in Science and Technology on Friday (19 May 2023) was also to gain support for the application for two projects between the UFS and BUCM, said Prof Motlalepula Matsabisa, Director of Pharmacology at the UFS and Head of AMITD.

“First is the innovation project that we are spearheading in order to be recognised as a Presidential project, the signing of which will be witnessed by both the presidents of South Africa and China during the BRICS Summit in August.”

“The second project is that of the UFS driving the establishment of the BRICS Natural Medicines Institute, supported by the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI), the National Department of Health (DoH), and the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO). The UFS has been earmarked to head this institute.  All the BRICS countries’ scientists support the UFS’ idea of a BRICS Natural Medicines Institute,” said Prof Matsabisa.

The UFS Pharmacology IKS also made a presentation during a virtual meeting with the natural products scientists in the BRICS countries for support and adoption of the concept on the BRICS Natural Medicines Institute.

The Chinese delegation also got to tour FARMOVS and the new AMITD laboratories.

Collaboration and co-creation

Prof Francis Petersen, Rector and Vice-Chancellor of the UFS, said he would like to see how the relationship between the UFS and BUCM can be strengthened and how it can be fed into the China-South Africa bilateral.

According to him, the university is open to supporting such initiatives, and hopefully this indigenous knowledge hub can become a critical focal point within such a potential institute under BRICS.

“It is important to see how different contexts play out in research and development. Collaboration and the whole aspect of co-creation is quite important, and I think there is a good relationship between the UFS and the BUCM that started some years ago; this is a good illustration of how important collaboration is.” He further wished to see the collaboration between BUCM and the UFS go beyond IKS to other aspects of research, health, and teaching.

The basis of the relationship between BUCM and the UFS, specifically in the Department of Pharmacology and this IKS group, is built on collaboration and co-creation. The question now, according to Prof Petersen, is how to expand and strengthen that relationship. He said that without any support from funding agencies, governments, and support through structured programmes such as bilateral agreements, this programme and collaboration engagement would not be possible.

BUCM and UFS can play important role in traditional medicine

Mr Shen said several collaboration projects already exist between China and South Africa in the area of science and technology. He said: “We also want to promote collaboration between the two sides in the area of biotechnology, including agricultural, medical, as well as traditional. We also promote collaboration on traditional medicine; in China, our traditional medicine has helped to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. Here in South Africa, you are only starting with traditional African medicine. You want to develop your own standards, while in China we have already developed teaching about this, so we would like to cooperate in this area. You can learn a lot from China, and we can learn from South Africa as well.”

According to him, China can help South Africa collaborate with partners to develop its own traditional medicine and the whole value chain in traditional medicine, from the medical plants to clinical trials to manufacturing. “BUCM and the UFS can play a very important role in this particular area.”

Prof Xu Anlong, President of BUCM, pledged his support for this collaboration between the two institutions via Zoom. He said he hoped it would be successful and fruitful and hopefully they can train some of the UFS students at BUCM.

UFS to host BRICS institute

Prof Matsabisa, who was previously awarded a Visiting Professorship at BUCM in Beijing, China, further said he hoped the collaboration can be strengthened and expanded to other disciplines in terms of research and health.

“The complete value chain of traditional medicine and medicinal plant development is something of interest to us, especially the UFS, because we are going down that route. The UFS has been asked by the DST and the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) to lead a team of experts to assist and advise government on how we can contribute to the amendment of the Medicines Act and how we can propose a regulatory framework for traditional medicine products for SAHPRA to regulate.”

“This is something that has been driven by the UFS in the context of developing South African traditional medicines – developing all value chains to include commercialisation. This also means medium- to long-term development of curricula that will pave the way for the integrated health system in South Africa.”

Prof Matsabisa is already thinking of a pilot programme for integrated health facilities or clinics, where medical doctors and trained traditional health practitioners could work side by side in the same facilities and attend to the same patients. He will also convene two meetings of BRICS scientists as part of a proposed BRICS Institute for Training, Research and Innovation in Natural Medicines hosted by the UFS.

The Minister-Counsellor, Mr Shen Long, during his visit to the Bloemfontein Campus of the University of the Free State (UFS).
The Minister-Counsellor, Mr Shen Long, during his visit to the Bloemfontein Campus of the University of the Free State (UFS).
Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (left), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (right), and Dr Pan Xu, Second Secretary of the Science and Technology Section during t
Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (left), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (right), and Dr Pan Xu, Second Secretary of the Science and Technology Section during t
Recardia Schoeman, Science Officer in the Department of Pharmacology, showing Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (middle), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (right
Recardia Schoeman, Science Officer in the Department of Pharmacology, showing Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (middle), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (right
Prof Francis Petersen, Rector and Vice-Chancellor of the UFS, was part of the discussion between the representatives of the Chinese Embassy in South Africa and the University of the Free State (UFS).
Prof Francis Petersen, Rector and Vice-Chancellor of the UFS, was part of the discussion between the representatives of the Chinese Embassy in South Africa and the University of the Free State (UFS).
Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (in the middle), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (2nd from the left), and Dr Pan Xu, Second Secretary of the Science and Techno
Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (in the middle), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (2nd from the left), and Dr Pan Xu, Second Secretary of the Science and Techno
Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (2nd from left), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (2nd from the right), and Dr Pan Xu, Second Secretary of the Science and Techn
Mr Shen Long, Minister-Counsellor of the Science and Technology Section at the Chinese Embassy (2nd from left), Dr Li Yan, First Secretary of the Science and Technology Section (2nd from the right), and Dr Pan Xu, Second Secretary of the Science and Techn

News Archive

Researcher part of project aimed at producing third-generation biofuels from microalgae in Germany
2016-05-09

Description: Novagreen bioreactor Tags: Novagreen bioreactor

Some of the researchers and technicians among the tubes of the Novagreen bioreactor (Prof Grobbelaar on left)

A researcher from the University of the Free State (UFS), Prof Johan Grobbelaar, was invited to join a group of scientists recently at the Institute for Bio- and Geo-Sciences of the Research Centre Jülich, in Germany, where microalgae are used for lipid (oil) production, and then converted to kerosene for the aviation industry.

The project is probably the first of its kind to address bio-fuel production from microalgae on such a large scale.  

“The potential of algae as a fuel source is undisputed, because it was these photoautotrophic micro-organisms that were fixing sunlight energy into lipids for millions of years, generating the petroleum reserves that modern human civilisation uses today.  However, these reserves are finite, so the challenge is marrying biology with technology to produce economically-competitive fuels without harming the environment and compromising our food security.  The fundamental ability that microalgae have to produce energy-rich biomass from CO2, nutrients, and sunlight through photosynthesis for biofuels, is commonly referred to as the Third-Generation Biofuels (3G),” said Prof Grobbelaar.

The key compounds used for bio-diesel and kerosene production are the lipids and, more particularly, the triacylglyserols commonly referred to as TAGs.  These lipids, once extracted, need to be trans-esterified for biodiesel, while a further “cracking” step is required to produce kerosene.  Microalgae can store energy as lipids and/or carbohydrates. However, for biofuels, microalgae with high TAG contents are required.  A number of such algae have been isolated, and lipid contents of up to 60% have been achieved.

According to Prof Grobbelaar, the challenge is large-scale, high-volume production, since it is easy to manipulate growth conditions in the laboratory for experimental purposes.  

The AUFWIND project (AUFWIND, a German term for up-current, or new impetus) in Germany consists of three different commercially-available photobioreactor types, which are being compared for lipid production.

Description: Lipid rich chlorella Tags: Lipid rich chlorella

Manipulated Chlorella with high lipid contents (yellow) in the Novagreen bioreactor

The photobioreactors each occupies 500 m2 of land surface area, are situated next to one another, and can be monitored continuously.  The three systems are from Novagreen, IGV, and Phytolutions.  The Novagreen photobioreactor is housed in a glass house, and consist of interconnected vertical plastic tubes roughly 150 mm in diameter. The Phytolutions system is outdoors, and consists of curtains of vertical plastic tubes with a diameter of about 90 mm.  The most ambitious photobioreactor is from IGV, and consists of horizontally-layered nets housed in a plastic growth hall, where the algae are sprayed over the nets, and allowed to grow while dripping from one net to the next.

Prof Grobbelaar’s main task was to manipulate growth conditions in such a way that the microalgae converted their stored energy into lipids, and to establish protocols to run the various photobioreactors. This was accomplished in just over two months of intensive experimentation, and included modifications to the designs of the photobioreactors, the microalgal strain selection, and the replacement of the nutrient broth with a so-called balanced one.

Prof Grobbelaar has no illusions regarding the economic feasibility of the project.  However, with continued research, optimisation, and utilisation of waste resources, it is highly likely that the first long-haul flights using microalgal-derived kerosene will be possible in the not-too-distant future.

Prof Grobbelaar from the Department of Plant Sciences, although partly retired, still serves on the editorial boards of several journals. He is also involved with the examining of PhDs, many of them from abroad.  In addition, he assisted the Technology Innovation Agency of South Africa in the formulation of an algae-biotechnology and training centre.  “The chances are good that such a centre will be established in Upington, in the Northern Cape,” Prof Grobbelaar said.

 

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