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13 March 2020 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Leonie Bolleurs
Team from the UFS Microbiology department
From the Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, were from the left, front: Dr Mariana Erasmus, Prof Martie Smit, Samantha McCarlie; back: Dr Carmien Tolmie; Samantha McCarlie, Prof Dirk Opperman, and Prof Robert Bragg. They believe publishing in high-impact factor journals reflects the quality of research delivered by the department.

Researchers in the Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology at the University of the Free State (UFS) published their work in four impact factor eleven journals in 2019/2020, and a fifth was accepted for publication in a journal with impact factor twelve in 2020. 

Two articles were published in Nature Communications, one in Drug Resistance Updates and one in Natural Product Reports. A fifth article is already available as an accepted article at Angewandte Chemie. Researchers in the department work on very diverse topics, as reflected in the titles of these articles: ‘A chemo-enzymatic oxidation cascade to activate C–H bonds with in situ generated H2O2’; ‘Native roles of Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenases in the microbial metabolism of natural compounds’; ‘The genome of a subterrestrial nematode reveals adaptations to heat’; ‘Molecular basis of bacterial disinfectant resistance’; and ‘CYP505E3 – a novel self‐sufficient ω‐7 in‐chain hydroxylase’.

Publishing in journals with a high impact factor is quite an achievement. Publishing in a journal with an impact factor of 3 is considered good and in most fields of study, publishing in journals with an impact factor of 10 or more is regarded as excellent. Impact factors are used to measure the importance of a journal by counting the number of times articles were cited in a certain time period. 

According to Prof Martie Smit, Head of the department, this is a reflection of the quality of research delivered by the department. “It is difficult and takes a lot of time and resources to publish in such high-impact journals.”

Contributing to their success in the department, is the work of their collaborators as well as the quality international postdoctoral researchers the department manages to attract with their emphasis on quality research.

Another highlight in the publication of these articles was that members of the department were corresponding authors of four of the five articles – meaning that the research was conducted in and driven from their laboratories, with UFS researchers taking primary responsibility for the preparation of the manuscripts and communicating with the editors of the journals.

Impacting society

Besides publishing in journals with high impact factors, these researchers are also making a difference to society. Prof Robert Bragg contributed to the study focusing on quality disinfectants. 

We are all aware of the danger of developing resistance to antibiotics. According to Prof Bragg, it is estimated that by 2050, 25 million people could be dying from antibiotic resistance-related bacterial infections per year. He says one of the best options to control diseases – not only bacterial diseases, but also viral diseases such as the Covid-19 outbreak – is good biosecurity and the use of good-quality disinfectants.

Researchers working on this study are trying to understand the development of resistance in bacteria to disinfectants. “This research group is currently investigating the ways in which bacteria become resistant to different high-quality disinfectants. The aim of this work is to discover new methods of resistance and then try to prevent bacteria from becoming resistant to commonly used disinfectants. One of the first aspects that needs investigation is to understand the methods of transfer of genetic information between bacteria. This work formed the basis of the review article written with master’s student Samantha McCarlie on transfer of genes that could code for disinfectant resistance in bacteria,” says Prof Bragg.

Studies about a nematode species discovered 1,3 km deep in a gold mine in Welkom and its ability to survive in extreme environments, made headlines about nine years ago. More extensive research has been performed on deep-space exploration of nematodes surviving extreme environments and were published in Nature Communications. Dr Mariana Erasmus, Assistant Director in the department and Technology Innovation Agency/UFS Saense Platform manager, says the study published in 2019 reveals these nematodes’ adaptation to heat and heat tolerance in an unusual ecosystem isolated from the surface biosphere. More studies on this can help humans learn how to adapt to a warming climate. 

TIA is an agency of the Department of Science and Innovation.

Three of the articles are from the Biocatalysis and Structural Biology group of Prof Dirk Opperman, Prof Martie Smit, and Dr Carmien Tolmie. Biocatalysis is a form of green chemistry that aims to produce chemicals in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner. The research of the group focuses on using enzymes (proteins performing specialised chemical reactions) to insert an oxygen atom at a specific position in a starting material. Such reactions are difficult to perform using purely organic chemistry. 

The end products are value-added compounds of interest to, among others, the flavour and fragrance industry, which place a high premium on natural products. The work on the novel in‐chain hydroxylase was also patented internationally, because it can be used for the synthesis of a valuable flavour compound.
 
More to come

Besides the commitment of the team in Microbiology, it took multiple institutions, dedicated postdoctoral students, as well as time and money to publish this number of articles in high-impact journals in just over a year. With its 100-plus researchers varying from student researchers to NRF-rated scientists, everyone in the Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology strives to produce high-quality research. 

And they promise, there is more to come. Watch this space …

News Archive

Message of appreciation from the UFS acting Vice-Chancellor and Rector: Prof Nicky Morgan
2017-01-04

Dear Colleagues, Students, Parents/Guardians, Alumni, and Friends of the university

The University of the Free State (UFS) successfully completed the 2016 academic year, with the official examination ending on 14 December 2016.  We have also completed the last of our graduation ceremonies, and are now preparing to accommodate the additional and ad hoc examinations in the coming weeks.
 
This comes after the university has successfully readjusted its academic programme in October 2016, subsequent to the disruption of activities and programmes for almost a month. All of this could not have happened without the extraordinary support and dedication of the staff and majority of the students at the UFS.
 
I would like to thank all our staff, parents/guardians, alumni, and friends of the UFS for the role they played during these challenging months in order to ensure that we could end the academic year successfully. If it was not for your understanding and uncompromising support, we would not have been able to complete the curricula, continue with the exams, and end the year in this way.
 
However, we all know that this was not an easy task. The sheer dedication and drive of our academic staff to adapt the mode of teaching and assessment of modules must be applauded, as it took courage and perseverance. Not only did they manage to complete the curricula, they also managed to do the assessment almost completely online. The incredible role of our administrative and support staff – including our security personnel – should also be acknowledged with deep appreciation.
 
This has been a learning experience for all, which has provided us with a solid base for academic recovery in the future.
 
During its quarterly meeting on 2 December 2016, the UFS Council expressed appreciation to all staff, students, and the university management for the successful completion of the 2016 academic year.
 
To all our alumni and donors who continued to support the UFS this year – thank you for your commitment, loyalty, and continued contribution.
 
Looking forward to 2017
The UFS announced on 7 December 2016 that it will be increasing tuition and housing and residence fees for 2017 by 8%. The approved increase in fees is in line with the recommendations by the Minister of Higher Education and Training, Dr Blade Nzimande, on 19 September 2016. The increases were approved by the UFS Council on 2 December 2016, with the understanding that it would be paid by the Department of Higher Education and Training by means of the fee adjustment grant for qualifying students with a combined family income of not more than R600 000 per annum.

The university management is aware of the economic realities in South Africa, as well as the financial pressure households are experiencing. The long-term financial sustainability of the UFS, as well as the financial constraints which impact teaching and learning, research, and community service, continues to remain of utmost importance to the Council and to the senior leadership of the UFS.
 
The university management stated its pro-poor approach to student funding on several occasions; that academically deserving students from poor and working class families should receive substantial financial support. For this reason – also because it does not place a burden on poor and working-class families – an increase in tuition fees aligned with the DHET proposal was submitted to Council for approval. The presidents of the Bloemfontein and Qwaqwa Campus Student Representative Councils were present and participated in the discussion on fees – also when Council approved the increase.
 
I am thankful to report that more applications for admission were received for 2017 (42 568) in comparison to 2016 (29 284), and we are excited to welcome first-year students to our campuses in January 2017. See 2017 calendar of events and information.
 
The necessary safety measures have been taken and contingency plans are in place when students return in 2017. The university management will continue to work with the South African Police Service to ensure stability on the campuses and the uninterrupted continuance of the Academic Project.
 
In conclusion, I would like to wish you a restful and safe Festive Season. Thank you once again for your crucial role in making the University of the Free State still one of the universities of choice in the country.
 
Best regards
 
Prof Nicky Morgan
Acting Vice-Chancellor and Rector
University of the Free State

 

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