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10 December 2021 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Supplied

Two students, Jenny Josefsson and Janie Swanepoel in the Faculty of the Humanities at the University of the Free State (UFS), graduated with joint degrees during the December graduation ceremonies. 

Josefsson received her degree from both the UFS and Radboud University in Nijmegen in the Netherlands, and Swanepoel was awarded her degree by the UFS and the University of Cologne, Germany. 

According to the Office for International Affairs (OIA) at the UFS – with a joint degree, the candidate receives an academic qualification from more than one institution at the same time. 

Zenzele Mdletshe from the OIA explains that a student will register at two different institutions at the same time, with the goal of obtaining one qualification. “Upon completion, the home institution will issue a joint degree certificate while the host institution will issue a degree supplement. For both Josefsson and Swanepoel, the UFS was the home institution.”

The UFS also awarded two joint degrees in 2020.

Social change, inequality, and land issues

Josefsson, who was born in Sweden, matriculated at Ljusdals Gymnasieskola in 1997. She obtained both her Environmental Science and Development Studies degree and her cum laude master’s degree in Environmental Science at Södertörn University. As an exchange student, she spent one semester in 2006 at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, and two years later started her career as an environmental consultant in Cape Town. 

She proceeded to do her PhD, and as part of her academic journey towards completing her doctoral degree, she joined a group of doctoral students from South Africa and the Netherlands, whose research fell under a project titled ‘Farm Dwellers, the Forgotten People? Conversions to Conservation in KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape’. The Dutch science-funding organisation, NWO-WOTRO Science for Global Development, funded the research. 

Based in the Department of Geography at the UFS, she continued with her research and started fieldwork in KwaZulu-Natal in 2013. During and after her fieldwork, she wrote several articles, which – together with an introductory chapter – formed the body of work submitted for her doctorate. 

Josefsson received her Doctor of Philosophy, specialising in Geography. The title of her study is: Battles over boundaries and belonging: violence, wilderness and spatial reconfigurations in the conversion of farm landscapes in KwaZulu-Natal, and highlights the ground-level politics of land issues. Her research is an important contribution to the wider debate around social change, inequality, and land issues in South Africa.

Her thesis was examined by the UFS according to South African examination procedures, and then by a body of examiners appointed by Radboud University. She defended her thesis during a Zoom session with Radboud University in October 2021.

Josefsson, who has worked on various projects in Southern Africa and South Asia, is currently working as a programme coordinator for a climate services project in the SADC region. 

Rethinking commercial ranching in rural Southern Africa

Completing school in Bloemfontein, Swanepoel obtained her BA at Stellenbosch University, and her BA Honours in Social Anthropology at the University of Cape Town. In 2013, she received her master’s degree in Social Anthropology at Stellenbosch University. 

Seven years later, she successfully submitted her PhD dissertation in Social Anthropology at the UFS. Her PhD forms part of a co-tutelage agreement with the University of Cologne.

Swanepoel, who is working in social compliance, received the Doctor of Philosophy with specialisation in Anthropology. The title of her dissertation is: In the land of the jackals: Postcolonial aridity in Southern Namibia. She investigates multispecies relations in a changing Namibian Boer community.

Her dissertation suggests the need to rethink commercial ranching in rural Southern Africa. “Given the glocal increase in aridity, this research shows the limitations of engaging with the decolonisation of land and the impact of climate change in ways that perpetuate the relation between nature and culture.”

She was invited to rework her dissertation into a book.

Advantages of joint degree

According to Mdletshe, there are several advantages to a joint degree. “The students involved in this programme have a chance of pursuing an international academic programme while enrolled at the UFS.”

He adds: “The students will also have a chance to be mentored and guided by supervisors from different institutions, bringing different perspectives. Such programmes will not only expose students to different lifestyles and cultures – as they will travel to the host institution from time to time – but it will also introduce them to different methods of teaching and learning.

He believes that with the input of international institutions, the joint degree will give students a competitive edge.

“We encourage students and academics who are interested in this programme to contact Kagiso Ngake (ngakekm@ufs.ac.za) or myself (mdletshezp@ufs.ac.za) in the Partnership Office at the Office for International Affairs,” says Mdletshe.

News Archive

Research helps farmers save with irrigation
2017-02-15

Description: Irrigation research Tags: Irrigation research

Marcill Venter, lecturer in the Department of
Agricultural Economics at the University of the
Free State, has developed the mathematical
programming system, Soil Water Irrigation
Planning and Energy Management in order to
determine irrigation pump hours.
Photo: Rulanzen Martin

Her advice to farmers is that they should make sure they are aware of the total cost (investment and operating costs) of an irrigation system. In most cases the investment cost is low, but the operating cost over the lifetime of the system is high.

“It is very important to have a look at the total cost and to install the most economic system,” says Marcill Venter, lecturer at the University of the Free State (UFS), who has done research on the economic sustainability of water-pipe systems.

Irrigation systems important components for farming
This research comes at a time when many farmers are relying on their irrigation systems due to persistent drought and low rainfall during 2016. South Africa has also experienced an abnormal increase in electricity tariffs in recent years. Due to tariff increases which threaten the future profitability of irrigation producers, the Water Research Commission (WRC) has launched and financed a project on the sustainable management of irrigation farming systems. “I had the opportunity to work on the project as a researcher,” says Venter.

The heart of every irrigation system is the water pipes that bring life to crops and livestock, and this is what Venter’s research is about. “Water pipes are part of the whole design of irrigation systems. The design of the system impact certain factors which determine the investment and operating costs,” she says.

Mathematical system to help farmers
Venter and Professor Bennie Grové, also from the Department of Agricultural Economics at the UFS, designed the Soil Water Irrigation Planning and Energy Management (SWIP-E) programming model as part of the WRC’s project, as well as for her master’s degree. “The model determines irrigation pump hours through a daily groundwater budget, while also taking into account the time-of-use electricity tariff structure and change in kilowatt requirements arising from the main-line design,” says Venter. The model is a non-linear programming model programmed in General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS).

Design of irrigation system important for sustainability

The main outcome of the study is that the time-of-use electricity tariff structure (Ruraflex) is always more profitable than the flat-rate structure (Landrate). The interaction between the management and design of a system is crucial, as it determines the investment and operating costs. Irrigation designers should take the investment and operating cost of a system into account during the design process. The standards set by the South African Irrigation Institute (SAII) should also be controlled and revised.

Water-pipe thickness plays major role in cost cuts
There is interaction between water-pipe thickness, investment and operating costs. When thinner water pipes are installed, it increases the friction in the system as well as the kilowatt usage. A high kilowatt increases the operating cost, but the use of thinner water pipes lowers the investment cost. Thicker water pipes therefore lower the friction and the kilowatt requirements, which leads to lower operating costs, but thicker pipes have a higher investment cost. “It is thus crucial to look at the total cost (operating and investment cost) when investing in a new system. Farmers should invest in the system with the lowest total cost,” says Venter.

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