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31 August 2022 | Story Prof Motlalepula Matsabisa | Photo Andrè Damons
Prof Motlalepula Matsabisa
Prof Motlalepula Matsabisa, Professor and Director of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State. He is also leading Africa’s fight against the COVID-19 pandemic after being appointed as chairperson of the World Health Organisation’s (WHO’s) Regional Expert Advisory Committee on Traditional Medicines for COVID-19.

Opinion article by Prof Motlalepula Matsabisa, Professor and Director of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State.
As we celebrate African Traditional Medicine Day on 31 August to promote the important role of the continent’s rich biodiversity in improving well-being, one needs to acknowledge the role that COVID-19 played in shining a spotlight on African traditional medicines (ATMs). Responding to the pandemic, rapid vaccine research and development and the repurposing of drugs in the fight against COVID-19 happened on great scales. Traditional medicines also benefited from renewed interest as a possible solution for this deadly disease. This year the World Health Organisation (WHO) Regional Director has approved the theme for the celebration of the 20th anniversary of African Traditional Medicine Day as ‘Two Decades of African Traditional Medicine Day: Towards Achieving Universal Health Coverage’. Countries will be celebrating individually, while WHO will hold a virtual celebration on the day. 

Even though ATMs, similarly to other traditional medicines such as those from China and India, have been used by African people long before the advent of “modern” medicine, and still continue to be used for the treatment of a range of diseases, most people still do not believe in its value as medicines for serious and chronic illnesses. This might be because of the lack of scientific research behind these remedies, and the dominance of the Western knowledge system and its wide acceptance by younger generations who value more Western values and lifestyles while being oblivious to ATMs. But in Africa, where about 80% of the population are said to rely on traditional medicine for their basic healthcare needs (according to the WHO), ATMs should be given a more prominent role. They should be more visible on shelves in big pharmacies, prescribed by healthcare practitioners beyond just traditional health practitioners (THPs), and should be more mainstreamed than what is currently the case. 

UFS Department of Pharmacology made great strides researching ATMs

Over the past few years, the University of the Free State (UFS), through its Department of Pharmacology, has made great strides in researching the possibilities and potential of ATMs. My team and I, together with other role-players in the institution, are in the process of establishing one of the most advanced modern pharmacology GLP-accredited research and development laboratories in the country, and possibly in the region, after receiving a grant of R58 million from the government. The UFS is recognised as a national leader in pharmacology as well as research and development of indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) and traditional medicines. The UFS has developed and built infrastructure in this field of scientific research, and has the best modern equipment for the training, teaching, and development of prototypes and products for commercialisation based on IKS. Interdisciplinary and interfaculty research is undertaken in this study area, and we have an excellent track record of sound community engagement with relevant stakeholders. 

The department has also been awarded an annual Technology and Innovation Agency Platform (TIA) grant of R17 million for the next five years. This research and teaching programme, known as African Medicines Innovations and Technologies Development (AMITD), will help to recruit and employ the best skills throughout the research, development, and herbal-medicine manufacturing value chains. We received a DSI high-end infrastructure (HEI) grant to build a laboratory, which will be a centre of excellence for the government, the WHO, and the African Union’s Commission for Social Development. The grant will also be used to build a herbal medicines production facility, as well as to pilot a health facility for traditional medicines. I am pleased that a multinational private pharmaceutical company has come forward and will be collaborating with us to realise these plans – joint manufacturing and business development, and joint engagement in the integrated health facility. We are now, together with the WHO and the aforementioned company, entering into a collaboration agreement to work together on key projects in traditional medicine manufacturing and training. 

Traditional medicine therapies emerged as possible cures or remedies for COVID-19

As part of the COVID-19 response, traditional medicine therapies have emerged as possible cures or remedies for the deadly disease. The pandemic has certainly helped to improve the profile of ATMs. In Cameroon, for example, two complementary therapy products for COVID-19 have been approved by the government, while Madagascar’s herbal remedy, COVID-Organics Plus Curative, has been in phase II clinical trials.  Encouraging preliminary results have been reported around this clinical trial. Similar trials on traditional medicine products for COVID-19 – conducted according to WHO protocols – are also underway in other African countries, including Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Uganda and South Africa, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO).

With regard to South Africa, my team and I and FARMOVS received approval from the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) to conduct the first multicentre controlled phase II clinical trial of a plant-based product, PHELA, on mild- to moderate-symptom COVID-19 patients.

The main purpose of the clinical trial is to confirm that the product can treat COVID-19 and be registered by the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority. We confirmed in vitro and in vivo that the medication works as an immune modulator to modulate the cytokine storm due to COVID-19, and also restores and normalises the patient’s immune system. This pivotal study is based on the modification of the WHO master protocol for clinical trials. The study is ongoing at three sites, and we are considering the addition of two more sites, to make a total of five clinical-trial sites. The development of PHELA has taken place under stringent scientific scrutiny in both preclinical and clinical research. The efficacy of PHELA as both an immune modulator and an anti-SARS-COV-2 treatment has been proven in in vitro and in vivo studies with reproducible results, conducted by three independent research institutions and a science council. PHELA is a herbal product made of four medicinal plants. Traditionally PHELA has been claimed for use for a historical disease called muyaga, but recently it has been scientifically tested and found effective as an immune modulator that benefits persons with a compromised immune system.

African Traditional Medicines Day: a reminder of the value and contribution of traditional medicines

The celebration of African Traditional Medicines Day annually on 31 August reminds all of us of the value and contribution of traditional medicines. This year’s theme on the role of ATMs in universal health coverage (UHC) is most befitting, as we know that medicines from natural products are affordable, accessible, have almost no side effects, and are proven enough because they have been advised for many generations, and they have been quite efficient in treating 90% of all currently known human diseases. The annual celebration, therefore, aims to gain more support for the continent to fast-track the research and development, as well as the local manufacturing, of well-researched ATM products, and for them to be made available through our national health systems. This also encourages the training of younger generations in this field of science and research.

Support for local manufacturing of ATMs will help bring traditional medicinal products into mainstream health systems and formal economies, creating jobs and wealth throughout all the ATM-manufacturing value chains – commercial cultivations, research and development, manufacturing, distribution, logistics, and marketing. This will help move the continent from dependency on aid from rich Western countries. Aid has not given Africans any independence, and has never been sustainable. It is, instead, enslaving the continent. If we want to be independent of big Western pharmaceutical companies and their expensive medicines, inequities and discrimination – as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic, African countries were left wanting when it came to access to personal protective equipment, diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines – Africa does not need aid. We need technical skills, technology development, and skill transfer. Aid makes African dependent, not independent. We need investment –  financial, research and resources – into developing our own, locally and regionally sourced herbal-based medicine. Africa and her people need African solutions to its health problems –and who could be better suited to create them than the continent’s people through its indigenous knowledge systems. 

Africa should be a leading force 

In August health ministers from Africa met at a special event – the WHO Health Ministers Regional Committee for Africa, in Lomé, Togo. The theme of the meeting was ‘Building Back Better: Rethinking and rebuilding resilient health systems in Africa to achieve UHC and health security’. The WHO Africa Regional Office hoped to develop a collective roadmap for building resilient health systems through integrated efforts that coordinated actions across all clusters and teams in the WHO’s regional office and country offices, and with national, regional and global partners supporting African countries as they ramp up efforts to recover from the pandemic-induced disruption and build back better toward achieving UHC and being prepared for future health emergencies.

As Chairperson of the Regional Advisory Committee on Traditional Medicine for COVID-19 Response (REACT), I gave a presentation on fast-tracking research and development and local production of herbal medicines during the second session, with the theme ‘Lessons to guide strengthening of health product manufacturing in Africa’. I am of the view that COVID-19 helped to prepare the continent for the next major event, and Africa will be better suited to deal with it. We cannot, again, be caught off guard and found wanting, and be at the mercy of the West for donations. I presented ways to put in place systems for supporting local manufacturing of therapeutics, with participation through the African regional economic blocks. 

News Archive

Qwaqwa Campus opens: Prof. PA Mbati's speech
2005-01-22

Official welcome speech by Prof. PA Mbati for 2005 first year students held on Saturday 22nd January 2005. Program Director, The Chief Director Operations Rev. Kiepi Jaftha, Dean of Students Dr. Natie Luyt, Program Head of the Faculty of Humanities, Dr. Elias Malete, Program Head of Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Prof. Riaan Luyt, Acting Program Head of the Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences Prof. Andries Venter, Deputy Director Student Affairs Mr. Teboho Manchu, Coordinator Finance: Mrs. Elizabeth Nchapi, Senior Librarian Mr. Stoffel Kok, Senior Magistrate Mr Saul Mohosho, SRC President Mr. Tello Motloung, members of staff, invited guests, parents, guardians, my dear students, ladies and gentlemen.

It is indeed my pleasure to welcome you to the official welcoming ceremony of the UFS-Qwaqwa Campus 2005 first year students. Our Rector and Vice Chancellor Professor Frederick has requested me to pass to you his warmest wishes and regards on this special occasion. I am confident that the orientation exercise in which you have participated has achieved the desired effect of introducing you to your new way of life here on campus, and that you are now sufficiently prepared to get on with the rigors of being a student at this University.

Following the restructuring of the higher education landscape, the Qwaqwa campus was incorporated into the University of the Free State with effect from January 1 2003 . As a consequence, Management was faced with a whole complex series of challenges including, primarily making the campus financially viable, but also ensuring that it remains relevant in it’s core business as a satellite campus of the University of the Free State in terms of its teaching, learning, research and community service responsibilities.

A whole series of strategic planning workshops were conducted last year with both internal and external stakeholders. Various important strategic objectives were flagged out, and the next level of consultation will take place soon. I know that there is a lot of eagerness, sometimes to the level of impatience to see this process completed as quickly as possible. But again on the other hand, due to the far reaching consequences of any hasty decisions, plus the need for a carefully planned process, we need to be a little more patient before the implementation of the strategic objectives is implemented. You will be kept informed as this important and critical aspect in the evolution of our campus takes place.

As a response to the need for a more effective governance model on the Qwaqwa campus, a review of the governance structure was completed towards the end of 2004 and will soon serve before the Executive of the Executive Management for approval.

Due to the importance that top management attaches to the development of an effective governance on the Qwaqwa campus, the process was facilitated by an internationally acclaimed consultant. Again the contents of the revised governance model will be made known to the campus and the broader community once it is approved.

I am glad to report that in recognition of the need to improve the infrastructure on campus to provide a conducive learning atmosphere to our students, a total of 8.2 million rands was made available towards the end of 2004 for recapitalization of specifically our student residences and lecture venues. The first phase of the residence renovation is completed and residences C, D and E have now been officially handed over to the University by the Contractor. Among the features of the renovated residences is that they will now computer rooms, kitchenettes for cooking, and a redesigned TV room. The rooms have even been fitted with heaters. Our challenge will now be to maintain our newly acquired facilities and to ensure that they do not again deteriorate to an un-acceptable level. The second phase of renovation will start soon.

As indicated in my address during the orientation week, our obligation to you as a campus is to offer you quality training to the best of our ability, and to disseminate this knowledge to you within a conducive atmosphere worthy of good learning. On the other hand, our students have to take advantage of this opportunity to acquire the necessary skills and training in the various academic programs that we offer on campus.

We have a very simple agenda on this campus – our vision is to continuously strive to build and develop the Qwaqwa campus of University of the Free State into a truly quality institution of higher learning in our country. To develop a tradition and culture in which we are proud of who we are, and constantly and tirelessly working towards excellence in our academic programs, and other non-academic but core and important aspects in your growth and development such as sport and community service. To nurture young conscientious citizens who are aware of their duties and responsibilities. Ultimately to produce hard working young people who fully exploit their potentials, and who will serve this country with diligence when unleashed into the real world in effectively managing their roles and responsibilities in society, whether in private or government civil service.

I would like to encourage that the various stake holders of this campus, the students, academic, administrative and support staff, and our broader community, to work together in harmony for the well being of our campus. For this campus to continue to be relevant in the environment that we find ourselves, there is a need for continuous engagement of its various stake holders, and genuinely listening to each other. We must continuously and regularly keep our feelers on alert in order that we can remain relevant.

I am particularly inviting our parents and guardians, the alumni of this campus, and leaders from our community to join hands with us in seeking solutions to the various challenges that we continue to face on campus. I am open for frank and honest discourse on the best way forward for our campus.

The University of the Free State is committed in making tertiary education accessible to as many students as possible. In this regard, students who do not have the required ‘M’ score to gain entry into main stream classes are given an opportunity to study in the highly successful ‘bridging program’ in which learners are integrated with main stream students but with fewer courses to tackle in order to ensure success. This is done on the premise that such students have the potential to pursue a degree course, and that therefore within a well structured program, they can make a success of their lives.

The University is conscious of the fact that in many instances several academically deserving students fail to be admitted into university due to financial reasons. For students who are academically deserving but who because of reasons of poverty cannot pay the requisite fees, the university is able to assist such students through the National Financial Aid Scheme – commonly known as NSFAS, and University Merit Awards. Other incentives such as Sports bursaries are also available.

Please remember that it is important to balance your life on campus and the phrase ‘a healthy mind in a healthy body’ aptly describes this statement. Ensure that you participate in sport and cultural activities of this campus so that you can develop and strengthen the various God-given talents that you have been blessed with.

A second major ingredient for your success on campus is discipline and respect for rules, policies and procedures that govern the University of the Free State , and respect for your fellow students. Good discipline is a major contributory factor to success in life, and more so in your formative academic life at University. This means for example that you must attend all your lectures, complete your assignments on-time and visit the library frequently. Please manage your time wisely and responsibly. Remember that as a university student, you are basically the master and architect of your own destiny.

Think very carefully when you are confronted with difficult situations, be they negative peer pressure, or temptations to indulge in intoxicating drugs, and make the right choice.

The University has well trained personnel including a social worker, a psychologist and counselor, and members of the student affairs division under the leadership of Mr. Teboho Manchu, Deputy Director Student Affairs, who are available to assist whenever you require their help.

Today is also a special day because we have officially inaugurated the SRC President and the rest of the SRC leadership. I am sure that you all join me in congratulating the SRC for being elected to their leadership roles for 2005. Mr. SRC president and your team, please remember that you now have a huge responsibility in carrying out the aspirations of the student body on campus. I want to wish you luck and success as you champion the rights of your constituents, which I believe and trust will be compatible with management’s expectations with regard to quality teaching and learning on campus. As you are aware, Management values the input that the student leadership makes in the operational management of the affairs of this campus, and we look forward to a cordial, non-confrontational working relationship with a view of rendering un-paralleled service on campus.

Mr. Program Director, allow me to wish everyone here a successful and prosperous year. May the good Lord give us the strength and courage to overcome any obstacle that may be placed in our way in the course of our work in 2005.

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