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18 April 2022 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Stephen Collett
Prof Ted Kroon
Prof Ted Kroon from the Department of Physics recently delivered his inaugural lecture on the topic What’s the use of a rainbow on the UFS Bloemfontein Campus.

“A rainbow is a natural phenomenon, the result of the refraction and reflection of the sun’s rays in drops of rain. As far as mankind is concerned, it’s a perfectly useless object and won’t make anyone money. Yet the poet who said, My heart leaps up when I behold a rainbow in the sky, only put into word the feeling of wonder and excitement we all have when we see a rainbow.”

“Every day I see a rainbow in my work; I do not need to wait to see one in the sky,” says Prof Ted Kroon, Professor in the Department of Physics at the University of the Free State (UFS), who used this phenomenon to introduce the topic of his inaugural lecture: What’s the use of a rainbow. 

“Far from being only a colourful spectacle with no practical value, rainbows are useful – and lead to useful things,” he believes. 

According to Prof Kroon, one can find examples of real rainbows and rainbow analogies used not only in everyday life, but also in physics. “Besides it being familiar devices in literature, culture, and even marketing, studies of rainbows can yield practical engineering information and may even help us to find new habitable planets,” he says.

Inspired by the many uses of a rainbow

In his lecture, he discussed the basic features of natural rainbows and how they come about. He also explored how the rainbow gives meaning to colour, and how this relates to the temperature of objects. He looked at an array of instances where the rainbow is used; from depicting the life of a star to indicating that we are sick (a thermometer) or when we need to refill a gas cylinder.
Moreover, Prof Kroon pointed out that rainbows are used in computer chips, stress identification, and to transmit internet data through underwater cables of glass fibre. He also referred to how the rainbow was harnessed as an engineering tool to measure refractive index and characterise fine droplet sprays used in industry. 

He continues, “Remarkably, the science developed to understand the natural rainbow can be redirected and applied to the optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, allowing the development of nanotechnology. Knowing how the natural rainbow works and its limitations, better systems have been developed to produce rainbows. Such rainbows have been used to discover new elements and to determine the age of the universe.”

As a member of an international community of phosphor researchers who are privileged to work with rainbows every day, he has used them to study the light-emitting properties of materials doped with bismuth. With this project – an initiative with the African Laser Centre taking place between 2016 and 2021 – he collaborated with the University of Khartoum in Sudan and trained a number of its postgraduate students. “My role included the guidance of students and the measurement and interpretation of the light-emitting properties of the materials. Our research during this time, considering more than a dozen materials, was summarised in 34 scientific publications that contributed to a greater understanding of bismuth ions as light-emitting materials,” he explains. 

Developing new materials, efficient in emitting blue light

He has been developing luminescent materials since 2006, primarily for general lighting (fluorescent tubes and LEDs) and displays (television, computer, and cellphone screens), as well as niche applications in medical and forensic science. 

As part of his current research, he is examining the effect of plasmonic metal nanoparticles on phosphor light emission. He is also exploring materials that absorb infrared light but emit visible light. “For this, I would like to consider the long-term stability of such materials and develop new materials that are more efficient in emitting particularly blue light,” he says. 

Prof Kroon holds a C2 rating from the National Research Foundation and has published more than 150 articles and book chapters, obtaining a Scopus h-index of 26.

News Archive

Walking and running routes launched on UFS Bloemfontein Campus
2015-09-16

Photo: Hatsu Mphatsoe

On Casual Day, Friday 4 September 2015, the UFS Health and Wellness Centre and KovsieSport launched a healthy lifestyle on the Bloemfontein Campus with the focus on Walking and Running routes. The theme of the event was set by the many flying tutus, together with outrageous outfits that were to be seen in the crowd of anxious and excited runners.

There are a total of six walking and jogging routes, stretching over the central and western parts of the Bloemfontein Campus. Colour-coded arrows indicate the various routes, ranging from a three-kilometre route (green) to an eight-kilometre route (black). The 2,5 km route is accessible for people with wheelchairs.
 
According to Arina Engelbrecht, who is spearheading the Wellness programme, a board will be erected in front of the Callie Human Centre later on, explaining the various routes. All the routes start and finish at the Callie Human Centre.

This initiative is receiving support from management, who requested that a healthy lifestyle be encouraged amongst students and staff. With this project, staff and students can train and exercise in a safe environment. The routes are also wheelchair friendly, and will be expanded to cycle routes in the future.

Various departments showed their support in numbers, bringing together teams that competed. Staff and students were excited to see what bends and turns lay ahead of them on the trails. Prof Nicky Morgan: Vice-Rector: Operations, cut the ribbon at the official opening of the routes. Morgan himself was extremely excited about the event, as he navigated his way energetically between the runners and walkers.

In his opening speech, Pieter du Plessis, Executive Assistant to the Vice-Rector: Operations, talked about the importance of keeping healthy by doing something as simple as walking, an inexpensive method of keeping healthy.

Arina commented: “We received some great feedback from the masses that attended, and many said they will continue to make use of the routes.”
 
This event forms part of the human project of the UFS, and will also create awareness amongst staff and students about persons with disabilities.

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