Latest News Archive

Please select Category, Year, and then Month to display items
Previous Archive
21 July 2022 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Supplied
Riaz-Seedat
Prof Riaz Seedat, who enrolled for a PhD through the USDP, wishes to create ear, nose, and throat knowledge through his research that is more relevant to the South African setting.

Prof Riaz Seedat is Professor and Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at the University of the Free State (UFS) and in the Free State Department of Health at the Universitas Academic Hospital. It is in this position where he has the opportunity to treat patients, teach students, and conduct research.

As one of the ten academics enrolled in the University Staff Development Programme (USDP), Prof Seedat forms part of the University Capacity Development Programme (UCDP), which seeks to transform academic expertise in the field of global health.

The UFS Office for International Affairs administers the programme, which offers an enriching journey for the group of academics from the University of the Free State (UFS) and the University of Venda (Univen).

In an interview, he revealed the importance of research focused on ENT cases in developing countries. 

How has your background shaped the life and academic path you have chosen? 

During my internship, I had the opportunity to work in ENT. The field sparked great interest in me, so I decided to specialise in it. 

During my training, it became apparent to me that much of the information in the literature was based on research and practices in developed countries and did not reflect the situation in developing countries, where there is a high burden of infectious diseases and presentation of patients with pathology at an advanced stage. My research has been focused on providing a developing country perspective of otorhinolaryngology, particularly with regard to infectious diseases and allergy in the field, creating ENT knowledge that is more relevant to the South African setting. 

What drew you to the USDP project’s call? 

The USDP provides me with the chance to complete my doctorate on recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, a disease that is characterised by recurrent wart-like growths on the surface of the vocal cords or tissue around the vocal cords.

In our context, this affects mostly children and there is a relatively high prevalence of this condition here in the Free State. Research through this PhD will expand knowledge on the diagnosis and management of the condition. 

Please tell us more about your research. 

I have identified that in South Africa, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, which is caused by the human papillomavirus, occurs more commonly in children than in Europe, where mostly adults are affected. In future, I would like my research to find factors that can help to identify which patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis will develop more severe disease, in order to better treat them. 

I have also done work on infectious diseases such as HIV and ENT, describing the impact of HIV in the different ENT conditions we see. 

With regard to allergic rhinitis, we have studied the impact of the condition on patients’ quality of life and are identifying the most frequent allergens present in our setting here in the Free State.

Did the pandemic impact your research?

Yes, it did. Being a full-time clinician for the Free State Department of Health meant that we had to dedicate more time towards managing the pandemic. This has affected patient care and the research we do on the patients. Many patients could not access healthcare facilities because of the lockdown, impacting their treatment, as well as research being carried out. 

Global health is one of the critical issues for the future of the human species, especially in Africa, where both infectious and non-communicable diseases threaten development. What will your project contribute to the field? 

Many of the conditions I am researching are as a result of infectious diseases. Unfortunately, these are conditions that are often neglected as they occur mainly in developing countries. The research will positively impact society through the care and treatment of patients with the condition. 

What are your future career plans? How will a PhD qualification assist you in reaching these goals?

A PhD will help me obtain a better understanding of research content and methodologies. I believe that a PhD will also equip me with the knowledge to better supervise individuals who wish to further their academic careers and do their own PhDs. 

What is your advice for aspiring PhD candidates?

I would advise someone who wishes to complete a PhD to work on a topic that they have a great interest in, because it is a task that will take much of your time. 

News Archive

Sunflowers are satellite dishes for sunshine, or are they?
2016-07-20

Eighty-six percent of South Africa’s
sunflowers are produced in the
Free State and North West provinces.

Helen Mirren, the English actress, said “the sunflower is like a satellite dish for sunshine”. However, researchers at the University of the Free State (UFS) have found that too much of this sunshine could have a negative effect on the growth of sunflowers, which are a major source of oil in South Africa.

According to Dr Gert Ceronio from the Department of Soil, Crop, and Climate Sciences at the UFS, extremely high soil temperatures play a definite role in the sprouting of sunflower seedlings. Together with Lize Henning, professional officer in the department, and Dr André Nel from the Agricultural Research Council, he is doing research on biotic and abiotic factors that could have an impact on sunflowers.

Description: Sonneblom 2 Tags: Sonneblom 2

Various degrees of deformity (bad-left
to none-right) in seedlings of the same
cultivar at very high soil temperatures.
Photo: Dr Gert Ceronio

Impact of high temperatures on sunflower production

The Free State and North West provinces, which produce 86% of South Africa’s sunflowers, are afflicted especially by high summer temperatures that lead to extremely high soil temperatures.

Dr Ceronio says: “Although sunflower seeds are able to germinate at temperatures from as low as 4°C to as high as 41°C, soil temperatures of 35°C and higher could have a negative effect on the vegetative faculty of sunflower seedlings, and could have an adverse effect on the percentage of sunflowers that germinate. From the end of November until mid-January, this is a common phenomenon in the sandy soil of the Free State and North West provinces. Soil temperatures can easily exceed the critical temperature of 43°C, which can lead to poor germination and even the replanting of sunflowers.”

Since temperature have a huge impact not only on the germination of sunflower seeds, but also on the vegetative faculty and sprouting of sunflower seedlings, Dr Ceronio suggests that sunflowers should be planted in soil with soil temperatures of 22 to 30°C. Planting is usually done in October and early November. Unfortunately, this is not always possible, as soil moisture is not optimal for growth. Farmers are then compelled to plant sunflowers later.

Impact of herbicides on sunflower growth

“High soil temperatures, combined with the herbicide sensitivity of some cultivars, could lead to the poor development of seedlings," says Dr Ceronio.

The use of herbicides, such as ALACHLOR, for the control of weeds in sunflowers is common practice in sunflower production. It has already been determined that ALACHLOR could still have a damaging effect on the seedlings of some cultivars during germination and sprouting, even at recommended application dosages.

“The purpose of the continued research is to establish the sensitivity of sunflower cultivars to ALACHLOR when exposed to high soil temperatures,” says Dr Ceronio.

 

We use cookies to make interactions with our websites and services easy and meaningful. To better understand how they are used, read more about the UFS cookie policy. By continuing to use this site you are giving us your consent to do this.

Accept