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24 November 2022 | Story Andre Damons | Photo Supplied
Thaba Nchu health web new
One Health Warriors with the scholar pledge cloth after scholars made a pledge to take care of their pets at St Paul’s Primary School in Thaba Nchu.

International One Health Day is held annually on 3 November. The goal of the day is to educate and increase awareness of One Health to encourage a collaborative effort between multiple disciplines, promoting the concept that the interactions between humans, animals, and the environment impact the health of people, animals, plants, and the environment.

The aptly named One Health Warriors, a student group comprising postgraduate students from the Division of Virology at the University of the Free State (UFS), was formed in 2016. The One Health Warriors annually participate in arranging a One Health event to celebrate International One Health Day. What is One Health? What zoonotic diseases should the public be aware of? How do zoonoses affect the healthcare provider? These are all questions that the student group addresses in their events.  

In 2022, the One Health Warriors targeted scholars to participate in their annual event. It is important for scholars to start learning about One Health from an early age, because most of them do not understand the importance of taking care of their pets. They are not always aware of the diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans and how to protect themselves.

It is for this reason that postgraduate students from the Division of Virology took One Health awareness and science communication to the classrooms of Ratau Primary and St. Pauls Primary schools in Thaba Nchu, Bloemfontein. Grade 6 scholars were included in the events and a total of 224 learners participated in the day. 

According to Prof Felicity Burt, an expert in arbovirology in the Division of Virology and the National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) – who holds an NRF-DST South African Research Chair in Vector-borne and Zoonotic Pathogens Research – and Tumelo Sekee, PhD student and research assistant in the School of Pathology, they decided to start with primary schools as they believe it is good to start teaching scholars from an early age to take care of their pets and understand the importance of One Health. 

Making the youth aware 

The focus was on making the youth aware of diseases transmitted from animals to humans, how to protect themselves from zoonotic diseases, and how to take care of their pets. They used role-play activities in which the learners were educated about the risk of contracting the rabies virus and some of the signs that may be shown by rabid dogs. The learners also got to learn about the importance of reporting any bites and getting appropriate treatment from the clinics.  

Rabies circulates within this area and is a high risk for children who play with stray dogs. They were advised about vaccines to protect their dogs against infection and thereby protecting themselves. They were shown how to remove ticks from the dogs, and the importance of not eating a dead animal whose cause of death is unknown. 

“The children were advised on the potential for tuberculosis (TB bovis) to occur in their livestock and the potential for spread to humans. Pictures were circulated among the learners showing them what a rabid dog or animal might look like and how an animal with TB bovis may present. The learners were taught about the importance of hand washing. In the finale of the event, the learners made a pledge to take care of their pets, and this was confirmed with painted hands on our One Health posters,” says Tumelo Sekee.

According to Prof Burt, One Health is an approach that recognises that the health of people is closely connected to the health of animals and their shared environment. One Health is not new, but it has become more important in recent years. “This is partly because many factors have influenced the way humans interact with animals (domestic and wild), plants, and our environment. These changes have led to the spread of known (endemic) pathogens and the emergence of novel pathogens and zoonotic diseases, which are diseases that can spread between animals and people. The recent pandemic is an example of how zoonotic transmission of a pathogen from wildlife to humans has a devastating public health impact,” explains Prof Burt.

Positive feedback
Sekee says the feedback was extremely positive; this may be because the communication was done in the learners’ mother tongue, Setswana, which made it easy for them to understand. Says Sekee: “There were many questions and discussions after the play, which suggested that the scholars showed interest in learning about a One Health approach. The scholars were also enthusiastic about participating in future events of the One Health warriors.”

The postgraduate One Health group previously also visited schools in Botshabelo and Bloemfontein, as well as farm workers in Kroonstad. They now plan to visit other schools in the Free State so that the One Health message can reach as many people as possible.  

News Archive

You touch a woman, you strike a rock
2004-11-02

Prof. Engela Pretorius van die Departement Sosiologie in die Fakulteit Geesteswetenskappe by die Universiteit van die Vrystaat het die kwessie omtrent feminisme aangespreek tydens haar intreerede met die onderwerp, You touch a woman, you strike a rock: Feminism(s) and emancipation in South Africa .

Prof. Pretorius het gesê: “Die geskiedenis van feminisme oor die algemeen kan in drie fases verdeel word, waarna verwys word as golwe. Eerste-golf-feminisme (19de eeu) het die fokus geplaas op die beskerming van vroueregte in die openbare terrein, spesifiek die reg om te stem, die reg tot onderrig en die reg om middelklas beroepe en professies te betreë.

Vroeë tweede-golf-feminisme word onthou vir hoe dit moederskap geteoretiseer het as synde ‘n onderdrukkende instelling. Slagspreuke van die 1970s was die persoonlike is polities en susterskap is magtig. Prof. Pretorius sê beide slagspreuke bevestig die idee dat vroue universeel onderdruk en uitgebuit word en slegs deur erkenning van dié situasie kan vroue die strukture wat hul onderdruk verander.

‘n Belangrike aspek van die derde golf van die feminisme-teorie is post-moderne feminisme wat diversiteit en verskille onderstreep. Die poging van hierdie feministe is afgestem op alle vorme van onderdrukking. Vroue van kleur het ook hul ontevredenheid uitgespreek gedurende die derde-golf-feminisme. Die feminisme van vroue van kleur word gekenmerk deur verskeie kwessies en talryke intellektuele standpuntinnames wat neerslaga vind in verskillende terme, soos Afrika feminisme of ‘womanism, sê prof. Pretorius.

Afrika-feminisme dui protes aan teen die wit/westerse geskiedenis en die wit/westerse dominansie binne feminisme. Afrika-vroue het besef dat hul onderdrukking verskillend is van dié van wit vroue en daarom is ‘n ander proses van bevryding nodig. Die Westerse feministiese praktyk om swart vroue by die bestaande feministiese ontologie te voeg, is nie voldoende nie omdat hul unieke ondervindings van slawerny, kolonialisme, onderdrukking deur mans en armoede nie uitgedruk word nie.

‘Womanism’ het tot stand gekom as gevolg van ‘n eksplisiete rassekritiek teen feminisme. Dit is ten gunste van die positiewe uitbeelding van swart mense. Dit word gekenmerk deur kulturele kontekstualisasie, die sentraliteit van die gesin en die belangrikheid daarvan om mans in te sluit.

Die geskiedenis van vroue in Suid-Afrika is verwant aan hul geskiedenis van onderdrukking as gevolg van patriargie. Vroue van verskillende rasse, kulture en klasse het patriargie op verskillende wyses in en variërende mate van erns ervaar. Onder voor-koloniale patriargie het vroue min sê gehad oor huwelikskeuses omdat mans dié besluite gedomineer het.

Die Nederlandse en Britse patriargale erfenis het neerslag gevind in die ideologie van die volksmoeder. Onderwyl dit veral manlike skrywers was wat die beeld van die vrou as versorger en tuisteskepper bevorder het, het vroue self ook hieraan ‘n aandeel gehad, sodat die volksmoeder volwaardig deel geword het van die Afrikaner nasionalistiese mitologie. Alhoewel middel- en werkersklas vroue met dié beeld geïdentifiseer het, het nie alle Afrikaanse vroue die ideologie aanvaar nie.

Onder die Victoriaanse erfenis was Britse vroue beperk to die private eerder as die openbare lewe. Die skeefgetrekte onderrigsisteem wat vroue in huishoudelike loopbane gekanaliseer het, die mag van mans oor hul vroue se eiendom en ‘n tekort aan toegang tot mag en geld het verseker dat vroue by die huis gebly het.

Wit Engelssprekende-vroue het die grootste geleentheid gehad om patriargie uit te daag vanweë hul toegang tot onderwys en die blootstelling aan liberale waardes, sê prof. Pretorius. Liberale vroue soos Helen Joseph en Helen Suzman het ‘n belangrike rol gespeel om in 1930 stemreg vir wit vroue in Suid-Afrika te verseker en het voortgegaan om ‘n rol te speel in die bevryding van swart vroue gedurende die vryheidstryd.

Die feminisme wat onder swart vroue ontwikkel het, was ‘n erkenning van die gemeenskaplike stryd met swart mans om die verwydering van die juk van eksterne onderdrukking en eksploitasie. Swart vroue in aktiewe en onafhanlike politiese rolle het tegelykertyd mans se aannames omtrent hul meerderwaardigheid asook die rassewette van die staat uitgedaag. Daarom kan ons sê dat die feminisme wat hier ontwikkel het, te voorskyn gekom het as gevolg van vroue se betrokkenheid by en toewyding tot nasionale bevryding, sê prof. Pretorius.

Institusionalisering is nie herlei tot magsvoordele nie, want gelykheid is nie in beleidsprogramme geïnkorporeer nie. Die hervestiging van sleutel aktiviste van die vrouebeweging in die regering het die stryd om genderbillikheid verander na ‘n projek wat deur die regering gelei word, sê prof. Pretorius. Ongelukkig word terreine van verandering buite die grense van die regering verwaarloos. Dit kan slegs aangespreek word deur ‘n aktiewe en feministiese stem in die burgerlike samelewing.

“Dit is my oortuiging dat formele instellings vir vroue binne die staat oor die lang termyn slegs effektief kan wees indien daar ‘n effektiewe feministiese vroue-beweging buite die staat in stand gehou word wat die grondslag waarop sosiale beleid gevorm word, kan uitdaag en bevraagteken. Daarom, A luta continua (die stryd duur voort),” sê prof. Pretorius.

Mediaverklaring
Uitgereik deur: Lacea Loader
Mediaverteenwoordiger
Tel: (051) 401-2584
Sel: 083 645 2454
E-pos: loaderl.stg@mail.uovs.ac.za
2 November 2004

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