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19 April 2023
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Story Kekeletso Takang
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Photo Provided
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Among the thousands of new graduates obtaining qualifications during the University of the Free State’s (UFS) April graduation ceremony, were twins – Angel and Angelica Eksteen. The duo obtained their Bachelor of Education degrees in the Senior Phase and Further Education and Training Teaching with distinctions during the Faculty of Education ceremony on 18 April 2023.
Angel says the journey to graduating was challenging, but worth it. “The most fulfilling thing about graduating was seeing the excitement and pride on our aunt and grandmother’s faces, making the challenges worth it.”
Angelica says their education journey has only just begun. Next in line for the twins is Bachelor of Education honours degrees. “And while we strive towards that, we will be the best teachers in the profession.”
Race, technology, and maritime labour in the 19th century
2016-06-23
Prof John T. Grider
“When employers
impose
worker identity,
it creates problems.”
What does identity mean to people today, and how is it formed? Religion, politics, race, ethnicity, and gender make up individual and community identity. However, Prof John Grider (University of Wisconsin – La Crosse) is of the opinion that employment moulds our identity, since we spend so much time on the job.
Prof Grider joined the Institute for Reconciliation and Social Justice (IRSJ) on the Bloemfontein and Qwaqwa Campuses to discuss his research on the maritime industry, published in his book, Foreign Voyage - Pacific Maritime Labour Identity: 1840 to 1890. “When employers impose worker identity, it creates problems,” he said. Particularly, this “creates instability in communities, and a vulnerability and insecurity amongst the employees”.
To illustrate his point, Prof Grider expanded on the history of 19th-century Atlantic sailors, a highly-skilled workforce, who failed to adapt to changes in their labour environment. Initially, the sea-faring community was very diverse racially. However, as the Pacific, and particularly Asian, marine community gained precedence, this tide turned to such an extent that, in 1886, the Atlantic sailors formed their own Coastal Seamen’s Union in San Francisco, causing a split between Asian and non-Asian sailors. Atlantic sailors had failed to integrate with the new technology of the day (steam power), nor had they accepted the demographic changes that flooded their community rapidly with cheap labour from Chinese shores.
Prof Grider highlighted the need to maintain an adaptable mentality in the ever- and rapidly-changing labour world, since division amongst workers could lead only to further exploitation of the workforce.