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UFS geared up to be a leading astronomical research institution

31 January 2023 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Leonie Bolleurs

UFS unveiled new spectrograph — Assisting Prof Richard Gray with the installation of the spectrograph and the polarimeter were the Electronics and Instrumentation departments at both the UFS and the ASU. Left from the spectrograph, are from the left, front: Innes Basson, Head of the Department of Electronics and Instrumentation, Prof Pieter Meintjes, Senior Professor in the Department of Physics, Mark Jackson, Department of Electronics and Instrumentation, Hélène Szegedi, Lecturer in the Department of Physics, and Prof Richard Gray. At the right, from the spectrograph, front, are Natali Matchelt, master’s student, Izak van der Westhuizen, Lecturer in the Department of Physics; Barend Crous, Department of Electronics and Instrumentation; middle: Wian Smit, master’s student, Joleen Barnard, master’s student; back: Kobus Krüger, Department of Electronics and Instrumentation, Henri Roodt, Department of Electronics and Instrumentation; and Dr Hendrik van Heerden, Department of Physics.

The University of the Free State (UFS) is gearing up to be a leading academic institution in astronomical research. The institution successfully mounted a spectrograph with a polarimeter to the Boyden Observatory 1,5-m telescope that will provide scientists with visual access to both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

The instrument, which can be accessed from Boyden, an astronomical research observatory and science education centre a few kilometres outside Bloemfontein, will allow researchers such as the Astrophysics Group at the UFS to do simultaneous polarimetry and spectroscopy of astronomical sources. This is vital for the research they are working on.

Mounting the spectrograph to the telescope and installing the polarimeter completed the upgrade of the 1,5-m telescope and is a leap forward for the astrophysics group at the UFS. The upgraded telescope with the spectropolarimeter, with a valued cost of R1.5 million, will also provide unique opportunities for collaborative research between the Astrophysics Groups at the UFS and researchers from the Appalachian State University (ASU). This adds greatly to the astrophysics research capacity at the university.

Prof Richard Gray, who 2019 started with the development of the astronomical spectrograph for the UFS Department of Physics, is a world-renowned expert in stellar spectroscopy, from the Department of Physics and Astronomy at ASU in North Carolina in the US. He was mainly responsible for the development and building of the instrument.

Prof Pieter Meintjes, Senior Professor from the UFS Department of Physics, describes the moment that installation was completed as a feeling of enormous relief. “It took many hours of hard work, planning and testing to marry the 90-year 1,5-m telescope with the new sophisticated instrument,” he says.

Adding value to graduate programme

Besides the development and installation of the spectrograph, Prof Gray also designed and built a polarimeter which can be integrated with the spectrograph. When placed inside the spectrograph, this piece of equipment transforms the spectrograph into a spectropolarimeter, giving it additional functionality. “This allows us, for example, to detect and analyse polarised light. It enables us to study the effect of magnetic fields in astronomical sources which introduce various polarisation signatures that can be detected with the polarimeter,” explains Prof Gray.

“I am fascinated by the polarimetric capabilities that we never had before. It is a great step forward,” remarks Prof Meintjes.

“The Department of Electronics and Instrumentation at the UFS played an enormous role in the building of several components of the instrument that Prof Gray designed, as well as getting the 1.5-m telescope research ready so that the completed instrument could be mounted to the telescope”, says Prof Meintjes

He envisages that the research instrument will be ready for research purposes by March this year. Up till then researchers, graduates, and third-year students will have the opportunity to spend time on the spectrograph to familiarise themselves with it.

Prof Richard Gray posing with the polarimeter. With him is Prof Pieter Meintjes. (Photo: Leonie Bolleurs)

“Once installation is finalised, the UFS will be the only academic institution in South Africa with access to a 1.5-m telescope paired with a spectrograph. This gives us an edge in terms of our astrophysics programme and the training we provide our students. It also adds so much value to our graduate programme,” he says.

New instrument provides much flexibility

The spectrograph offers Prof Meintjes many possibilities for his research, and he is eager to put the instrument to use. To study binary systems as well as the jets of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), you need a spectrograph, preferably with polarimetric capabilities. It can also be applied to finding elements at the surface levels of stars so that their chemical composition can be determined.

“In the past, we needed to send our researchers to Sutherland and they were never guaranteed clear skies. Having this facility gives us so much flexibility,” he says.

Prof Brian van Soelen from the Department of Physics will be a key user of the spectrograph for his research. He is also playing an important role in terms of postgraduate training and research where the spectrograph is applied.

Photo: Mart-Mari Duvenhage

The polarimeter converts the spectrograph to a spectropolarimeter. This instrument, which is mounted on a telescope (in the case of the UFS, it is mounted on the Boyden 1,5-m telescope) enables the user to detect whether radiation from astronomical objects are polarised and to analyse the level of polarisation of the light. Scientists can then, for instance, study the effect of magnetic fields in astronomical sources, which introduce various polarisation signatures (typically with a characteristic level of polarisation).

News Archive

Ford foundation funds higher education redesign

2005-06-23

The Ford Foundation has pledged a grant of almost R280 000 for redesigning higher education delivery at three campuses in the Free State.

According to Prof Magda Fourie, Vice-Rector: Academic Planning at the University of the Free State (UFS), the three campuses that will be affected by the strategic reconfiguration of higher education delivery are the Qwaqwa campus at Phuthaditjhaba and the Vista campus of the UFS in Bloemfontein and the Welkom campus of the Central University of Technology (CUT).

Prof Fourie says the three campuses were all affected by the restructuring of higher education, in line with the National Plan for Higher Education.

The Qwaqwa campus of the UFS that was part of the former University of the North was incorporated into the UFS in January 2003. Likewise the Bloemfontein campus of the former Vista University was incorporated into the UFS in January 2004.

The Welkom campus of the CUT was also part of the former Vista University and was incorporated into the CUT in January 2004.

“These incorporations pose a challenge in that we have to think creatively about the best ways of using these three campuses to service the higher education, training, skills development and human resource needs of the Free State,” Prof Fourie said.

“The grant from the Ford Foundation will primarily be used to draw up strategic funding proposals for the three campuses. The Qwaqwa campus of the UFS is a priority to us given the poverty and unemployment in a largely rural area of the Free State,” said Prof Fourie.

“A detailed consultation process will be undertaken in the Qwaqwa campus sub-region which will hopefully result in a comprehensive and a coherent suite of higher education activities being established on this campus,” said Prof Fourie.

“It is envisaged that the Qwaqwa campus will become a centre of excellence in the area of rural development. This vision is based on a focused integration of the core functions of a university – teaching, research, and community service – around the issue of rural development,” said Prof Fourie.

Prof Fourie said that various educational offerings including among others short courses, bridging and foundation programmes, and degrees could be offered, with a particular focus on providing courses of relevance to students from the local rural community and students from elsewhere with an interest in focusing on rural development studies.

She said the redesign of the three affected campuses is being managed as a project of the Free State Higher Education Consortium (FSHEC) consisting of all the higher education institutions operating in the Free State.

“The aim of the project is to establish how the Qwaqwa and Vista campuses of the UFS and the Welkom campus of the CUT can be used effectively to meet regional education and training needs, to serve the strategic priorities of the two higher education institutions and contribute to the sustainable development and poverty alleviation of the region,” she said.

The planning for the Vista campus of the UFS is still in an early stage. “We are looking at the possibility of developing this campus into a hub of education and training opportunities for Bloemfontein and Free State region. Further plans will be communicated later in the year,” said Prof Fourie.

Media release

Issued by:  Lacea Loader
   Media Representative
   Tel: (051) 401-2584
   Cell: 083 645 2454
   E-mail: loaderl.stg@mail.uovs.ac.za

23 June 2005

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