Latest News Archive

Please select Category, Year, and then Month to display items
Previous Archive
04 December 2024 | Story André Damons | Photo André Damons
Breast Cancer Research 2024
The research team consist of Dr Beynon Abrahams (left), Viwe Fokazi, MMed.Sci student, and PhD student Songezo Vazi.

In an effort to better understand chemotherapeutic treatment response in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) – known as an aggressive cancer with high recurrence and high mortality rate in breast cancer patients – researchers from the University of the Free State (UFS) developed a drug-resistant TNBC spheroid model that is physiologically more accurate in displaying the complexities involved in drug-resistance development.

Dr Beynon Abrahams, Lecturer in the Department of Basic Medical Sciences within the UFS Faculty of Health Sciences, says breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. It is also the most debilitating type of cancer responsible for the highest cancer mortality rates in women. Though various subtypes of breast cancer exist, TNBC is one that is of particular interest to his research team.

“TNBC is one of the most difficult cancer types to treat, due to lack of treatment targets. This often leads to treatment failure in TNBC patients, with drug resistance being a common occurrence, contributing to high death rates. TNBC is classified based on its lack of expression of common receptors such as the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, which are commonly expressed in other cancer subtypes.

“Characteristically, TNBC is known as an aggressive cancer with high metastatic potential (spreading of cancer), resulting in a poor prognosis for these patients. The current prescribed therapies for TNBC, entails multidrug combination systemic therapy including chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin and cisplatin as adjuvant therapy. However, despite these therapeutic interventions, drug resistance is a common occurrence,” says Dr Abrahams.

The best available preclinical cell-based models should be used

For effective drug treatments to be developed for TNBC therapeutics, he continues, the best available disease models should be used to not only improve our understanding of the disease physiology and its numerous mechanisms involved in chemotherapeutic resistance development but also to provide accurate results when determining how safe and effective newly developed drugs are, before they may be considered for further development and testing on humans.

According to him, in preclinical cancer research the conventional methods employed to study disease mechanisms, drug action and drug resistance is ineffective. Firstly, the traditionally used preclinical 2-dimensional (2-D) cell culture models do not accurately recapitulate the architectural biology observed in vivo, second, the drug responses assessed in these models may provide inaccurate results and limit its translational potential, explains Dr Abrahams. Thus, more advanced cell-based models such as 3-dimensional (3-D) spheroids and organoids to name a few, should be considered as alternatives.

The UFS research team, in collaboration with the Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™) at the North-West University (NWU), recently took the undertaking to establish two triple negative breast cancer 3-D spheroid models, using the clinostat rotating bioreactor ClinoStar™ system, designed by CelVivo in Denmark. The project is funded by the National Research Foundation.

The ClinoStar™ system promotes the self-aggregation of single cells, and natural formation of 3-D spheroids, through slow rotation within a cell growth chamber known as an incubator. There are various techniques and methods available to develop spheroids and organoids, however the ClinoStar™ systems allow for the development of metabolically stable spheroids, over a longer period of time, as opposed to other methods. It also eliminates the sheer-stress conditions that are normally encountered when using 2-D cell culture models.

“We successfully established one chemotherapeutic-sensitive triple negative breast cancer spheroid model and one novel cisplatin-resistant triple negative breast cancer spheroid model. The chemo-sensitive TNBC spheroid model was evaluated for responsiveness against two clinically used chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin and cisplatin. We suggest that this model may be useful to screen novel compounds including traditionally used phytomedicinal material for anticancer activity.

“In our second model, the cisplatin-resistant TNBC spheroid model was also exposed to cisplatin and doxorubicin and demonstrated a resistant response in terms of growth and viability. We believe that this model may be useful to further explore drug resistance mechanisms and may also be used as a tool to assess the drug reversal potential of novel compounds. The value and impact of these models lies in that they may offer predictive drug responses that are closer to that observed in in vivo (animals), as opposed to 2-D cell cultures. This however needs to be assessed. We are currently in the process to fully characterise these spheroids models.”

Aim of the research

Dr Abrahams explains their research aims to merge the gap between conventionally used 2-D cell models and in vivo models, by providing a model that is physiologically more accurate in mimicking the in vivo conditions and complex pathways associated with drug resistance, which is otherwise not observed or accurately expressed in 2D models. “Although our research is preclinical and considered fundamental basic research, the translational potential of our spheroid models may provide options for exploring and testing alternative drugs that may be considered for translational research,” Dr Abrahams says.

Characterising other advanced cell-based cancer models

The team is currently in the process of further characterising the TNBC spheroid model based on protein and genetic expression profiles to elucidate potential therapeutic biomarkers for drug treatment as well as screening various phytomedicinal plants, to assess their antiproliferative and drug-resistance reversal potential. In addition, the researchers recently commenced a new research project that aims to develop a drug-resistant prostate cancer spheroid model using the Clinostar™ system with their collaborators at the NWU.

Advanced cell-based model research is still relatively ‘new’ in South Africa and Africa, compared to the global North. As a result, says Dr Abrahams, their NWU collaborators together with other stakeholders, initiated the establishment of the Society for Advanced Cell Culture Modelling for Africa (SACCMA) in 2021, which aims to develop the fields of advanced cell modelling, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures, 3D bioprinting and stem cell research, in Africa. Our current inter-departmental  collaboration include researchers from the Pharmacology department, but we hope to build and expand our collaboration network in the near future.

News Archive

About 4 000 UFS students to graduate
2010-05-03

 The University of the Free State’s (UFS) autumn graduation and diploma ceremonies will once again be held in the Arena on the South Campus (formerly known as the Vista Campus) this year.
This arrangement has been made because this year’s graduation ceremonies coincide with the examinations for which the Callie Human Centre on the Main Campus will be used.

The various graduation ceremonies will take place on 18, 19, 20 and 21 May 2010.

A total of 2 775 degrees, 833 diplomas and certificates, 40 doctorates and two honorary doctorates will be conferred.

The full programme is as follows:

  • Tuesday, 18 May 2010:

    - From 08:30, a total of 488 degrees and eight doctorates will be awarded to students from the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, including 3-year B.Sc. degree.
    -At 14:30 on the same day 285 degrees and five doctorates will be awarded to students in the Agricultural and Building Sciences, still in the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, including 4-year B.Sc. degree. An honorary doctoral degree will be awarded to Dr Ben Ngubane, the current SABC Board Chairperson.
     
  • Wednesday, 19 May 2010:

    - From 08:30, 293 B.Com. and B.Com. Honours students in the Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences will graduate.
    - At 14:30, 477 students in BML, B.Admin., B.Pub., B.Acc. and related Honours degrees and all Master’s and Doctoral degrees in this faculty will graduate. An honorary doctoral degree will also be awarded to the Minister of Finance, Pravin Gordhan.
     
  • Thursday, 20 May 2010:

    - A total of 345 degrees and 12 doctorates will be awarded to students in the Faculties of Health Sciences, Law and Theology at 08:30.
    - At 14:30, 349 degrees and two doctoral students in the Faculty of Education will receive their degrees.
     
  • Friday, 21 May 2010:

    - From 08:30, 581 degrees and 10 doctorates will be awarded to students in the Faculty of the Humanities.
    - At 14:30 on the same day, 833 diplomas and certificates will be awarded to students from all of the university’s faculties.

Academic dress must be booked at fimt@ufs.ac.za before Tuesday, 18 May 2010 and can be collected from Monday, 3 May to Monday, 17 May between 08:00 and 16:00 at the Robe Storeroom in Rector’s Avenue (opposite Armentum Residence).

Please note that academic dress will not be available on the South Campus.

Furthermore, the graduation and diploma ceremonies at the Qwaqwa Campus will take place on Saturday, 8 May 2010, at 10:00 where 187 degrees, two doctorates and 63 diplomas will be conferred.

Media Release
Issued by: Mangaliso Radebe
Assistant Director: Media Liaison
Tel: 051 401 2828
Cell: 078 460 3320
E-mail: radebemt@ufs.ac.za
3 May 2010
 

We use cookies to make interactions with our websites and services easy and meaningful. To better understand how they are used, read more about the UFS cookie policy. By continuing to use this site you are giving us your consent to do this.

Accept