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01 November 2024 | Story André Damons | Photo Supplied
Dr Nomakhuwa Tabane
Dr Nomakhuwa Tabane is the Head of the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health at the University of the Free State.

The first 1 000 days of a baby’s life, from conception to the age of two, constitute a critical period during which children’s brains form as many as 1 000 neural connections every second – a pace that will not be repeated in their lifetime.

These connections are the building blocks of every child’s future, which makes the role of a campaign like the First 1 000 Days vitally important. It highlights the importance of stimulation and learning from the earliest possible moments, good nutrition for expectant mothers, prevention of malnutrition of children, and early diagnosis of chronic, life-threatening illnesses and developmental disorders.

This is according to Dr Nomakhuwa Tabane, Head of the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health at the University of the Free State (UFS). The campaign was promoted by Dr Tabane’s department in partnership with the Mother and Child Academic Hospital (MACAH) Foundation.  The annual campaign kicks off on 1 November each year.

“There are certain factors that can interfere with this process and result in irreversible damage to children’s brain development, poor growth, and compromised immunity. Those conditions include prematurity, ischaemic brain damage, and infections. These are also the top contributors to the neonatal mortality.

“In the one-month to 49-month-old period, the causes of mortality and morbidity that affect brain development and growth include respiratory illnesses like pneumonia, diarrhoeal diseases, and malnutrition,” says Dr Tabane. 

Aims of the campaign

The First 1 000 Days initiative promotes excellent mother, infant, and child healthcare by supporting community-based programmes that drive the message of the importance of the first 1 000 days of life to teenagers, young adults, healthcare workers, and the public. This initiative aims to bring about interventions that can address the Under-5 Mortality Rates (U5MR), including Neonatal Mortality Rates (NMR), Infant Mortality Rates (IMR), and Perinatal Mortality Rates (PMR).

“The campaign also aims to improve the growth and development of children in their first 1 000 days of life from conception until they are two years old. It also aims to improve expectant mothers’ health and prevent and decrease maternal mortality in the Free State, as well as to prevent unwanted pregnancies, focusing on decreasing teenage pregnancies.”

According to Dr Tabane, the 2020 South African UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNIGME) estimate for U5MR was 32 deaths per 1 000 live births, NMR of 11 per 1 000 live births, and infant mortality rate (IMR) of 26 per 1 000 live births as compared to the Medical Research Council (MRC) estimate of U5MR of 28 per 1 000 live births, NMR of 12 per 1 000 live births and IMR of 21 per 1 000 live births (15).

South Africa behind other BRICS countries

Based on the 2020 UNIGME report, says Dr Tabane, South Africa has achieved the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) goals of NMR and the U5MR. South Africa’s indicators were much better than the UNIGME and the MRC 2020 estimates, but it still falls behind other BRICS countries.

“In contrast to other BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa), UNIGME reports that in the same reporting period of 2020, China’s U5MR was seven per 1 000 live births, Brazil's 15 per 1 000 live births, and Russia's five per 1 000 live births (16). In 2020, the South African national in-hospital neonatal mortality rate (NMR) based on DHIS data was 12,0 per 1 000 live births; the infant mortality rate (IMR) was 15.1 per 1 000 live births, and the under-5 mortality (U5 MR) rate was 16.9 per 1 000 live births, with differences amongst provinces,” says Dr Tabane.

The first 1 000 days campaign’s interventions include education to prevent illnesses and deaths and promote good health, growth, and development. While many training programmes on child survival strategies have been rolled out (e.g., MSSN, HBB, ETAT, AANC, ESMOE, and IMCI), in-service training still has significant gaps.

Other interventions include preventing unwanted and unplanned pregnancies, providing healthcare support for therapeutic and interventional care, strengthening the implementation of the existing strategies developed by the Department of Health to reduce Maternal and Child Mortalities, and monitoring and evaluating the interventions.

News Archive

Strydom helps establish SA in international clarinet arena
2016-06-07

Description: Danré Strydom Tags: Danré Strydom

Danré Strydom, clarinet lecturer in
the Odeion School of Music at the
University of the Free State, was
named national chairperson to
represent South Africa in the
International Clarinet Association.
Photo: Odeion School of Music.

Her appointment holds international benefits not only for the University of the Free State (UFS), but also for the rest of South Africa’s clarinet community.

This is the view of Danré Strydom, clarinet lecturer in the Odeion School of Music (OSM) at the UFS, on her appointment as South African chairperson of the International Clarinet Association in Columbus (Ohio), America.

It is no coincidence, therefore, that the OSM, with Strydom at the helm as Buffet artist, will present an international clarinet festival on the Bloemfontein Campus from 4 to 8 October 2016. During the International Clarinet Extravaganza, a first for South Africa, world-renowned clarinet players like Eddy Vanoosthuyse of Belgium, Marco Mazinni of Peru, and Sun Zhen of China, will perform.

More contact with overseas representatives
“South Africa’s clarinet community is fairly distanced from the rest of the world,” says Strydom. “In places like Europe and the USA, it is easy to attend a variety of masterclasses, research opportunities, and clarinet festivals.” Her appointment means that she will have more contact with representatives from other countries. “It is also important for composers from South Africa to have their work performed beyond our borders.”

The purpose of the International Clarinet Association is to support projects that benefit clarinet players. She also writes for the association’s journal.

Strydom, who is completing her PhD this year, was honoured some seven months ago with the elite international accomplishment of Buffet artist. She is the first South African to represent Buffet-Crampon.

Clarinet festival offers additional opportunities
Strydom says the clarinet festival hosted by the UFS is “a wonderful opportunity to put the UFS, OSM, and South Africa on the map for clarinet performance, education, and research.”

The purpose of the festival is to expose South African clarinettists and educators to international trends, and to learn from the best in the world. “The festival will prove that the current education, compositional techniques, standard of players, and the quality at academic institutions can compete with the rest of the world. I also believe it will provide opportunities for students to connect with international players and, in that way, open doors for possible postgraduate studies or concert opportunities overseas.”

Watch videos of Strydom:
Video 1
Video 2

Click here to watch other videos of the OSM.


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