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19 November 2024 | Story Pat Lamusse | Photo Supplied
Space and satellites 2024
During the visit to the Naval Hill Planetarium, were from the left, Dr Mart-Mari Duvenhage and Prof Matie Hoffman from the UFS Department of Physics, Consul General Stephanie Bunce and Vanessa Toscano from the US Consulate, and Dinah Mangope from the Department of Physics.

A delegation from the United States (US) Consulate General in Johannesburg, including Consul General Stephanie Bunce and Public Affairs Officer, Vanessa Toscano, visited the Bloemfontein Campus of the University of the Free State (UFS). Consul General Bunce met with the acting Vice-Chancellor and Principal of the UFS, Prof Anthea Rhoda, and the Dean of the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Prof Paul Oberholster. The US delegation also visited the Naval Hill Planetarium.

The UFS recently received a grant from the US Embassy to fund a project to promote science education by highlighting the role of satellites in our lives. Colleagues from the Department of Physics had the opportunity to demonstrate first-hand how the planetarium technology will be used to implement the project, which poses the question – what if something happens in space that interferes with the thousands of satellites we use for communication, weather prediction, navigation, banking … surveillance?

Thanks to this grant, the UFS will explore these questions and contribute to space situational awareness (SSA) and space domain awareness (SDA). SSA involves knowledge about the orbits of spacecraft and space debris. SDA refers to the knowledge and understanding of all activities occurring within the space domain.

There are currently at least 10 000 active satellites in Earth orbit, most of which are in low Earth orbit (LEO). However, in addition to satellites, there are well over 45 000 objects larger than 10 cm in orbit, including more than 35 000 pieces of space debris, such as dead satellites, rocket bodies, and pieces from breakups and collisions. Since 1991, there have been at least six unintentional collisions between active satellites and space debris.

Space turned out to be not as big as once thought, especially not in low Earth orbit (LEO – altitude less than 2 000 km). To make things worse, there are plans to launch up to 100 000 new satellites into LEO over the next decade.

Prof Matie Hoffman from the UFS Department of Physics notes, “We live in an era when the space economy is growing fast and the number of objects in Earth orbit, including satellites and space debris, is increasing rapidly. This poses risks to operational satellites. Recent publicity around Elon Musk’s Starlink satellites has generated additional interest around this topic. It is important to raise awareness of the challenges, which will allow scientists to mitigate them.”

The project will involve expertise in optical satellite observations from the University of Michigan through Prof Patrick Seitzer, international patron of the Friends of Boyden Observatory, and the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). The grant will fund planetarium upgrades that will enable education on space and satellites, as well as optical satellite observations from Boyden Observatory. Beneficiaries will include learners, higher education institutions (both locally and in the US), and the public. South African project partners will be the South African National Space Agency (SANSA), the Future African Space Explorers’ STEM Academy (FASESA), and satellite-related companies in South Africa.

The Boyden Observatory is ideally situated to provide valuable optical satellite observations in an area of the sky that is not accessible from existing satellite observing facilities, especially for objects in LEO. In fact, the first observation of space debris in geosynchronous orbit was from Boyden Observatory in 1967.

The project will be rolled out from the end of 2024, harnessing facilities at both Boyden Observatory and the Naval Hill Planetarium.

News Archive

Dialogue between Science and Society series looks at forgiveness and reconciliation
2013-03-24

 

Taking part in the discussion on forgiveness and living reconciliation, were from left: Olga Macingwane, a survivor of the Worcester bombing of 1993; Dr Juliet Rogers, a Scholar on Remorse from the University of Melbourne in Australia and Dr Deon Snyman, Chairperson of the Worcester Hope and Reconciliation Process.
Photo: Mandi Bezuidenhout
24 March 2013

How do you, as a mother who lost her only daughter, forgive the man who claimed responsibility for the attack that killed her?  How do you forget his crime while travelling with him across the world?  

These were some of the questions posed to Jeanette Fourie at a Dialogue between Science and Society series on forgiveness and living reconciliation. Jeanette, whose daughter Lyndi was killed in an attack on the Heidelberg Pub in Cape Town in 1993, was one of three people telling their stories of forgiveness while dealing with traumatic experiences. 

Sitting next to Letlapa Mphahlele, the man who owned up to the attack that killed her daughter, Jeanette spoke about their story of forgiveness traveling the world together, spreading the message of forgiveness and conciliation. 

"Don't ever think you can forget, because that’s not possible. What you do with the pain is to find peace, and that's what forgiveness does. Forgiveness allows you to stop all the dialogue in your head on why he did it. You don't forget, you confront it and you deal with it." 

Letlapa, Director of Operations of Apla, the military wing of the PAC at the time of Lyndi's death, spoke about dealing with the response to his crime. "Sometimes you wish that you were not forgiven, because now you have the great burden of proving that you are worthy of forgiveness."

Also telling her story of forgiveness was Olga Macingwane, a survivor of the Worcester bombing of 1993 in which four people were killed and sixty-seven others injured. Four people were sent to prison. In 2009 Olga met one of the perpetrators, Stefaans Coetzee, and what came out of that meeting, is her story. 

"When I met Stefaans I was very angry, but when you sit down with somebody and listen to him or her, you find out what the reasons were that made him or her do something. I can say that I forgave him." 

Facilitating the conversation, Prof Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela, Senior Research Professor on Trauma, Forgiveness and Reconciliation, said the seminar was meant to get in touch with the truth that forgiveness is possible. 

"Before we had the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in South Africa, the experts always said that forgiveness was not possible in these stories of the past. And then the TRC came into life as a response to mass atrocities. For the first time in the history of these traumatic experiences, of political traumas, we witness something that we have never seen.  Even us on the TRC, although it was framed as reconciliation, we never imagined there would actually be stories of forgiveness emerging out of that process, and then we witness that this too is possible." 

Others who took part in the two-hour-long seminar, were Dr Juliet Rogers, a Scholar on Remorse from the University of Melbourne in Australia and Dr Deon Snyman, Chairperson of the Worcester Hope and Reconciliation Process. They spoke about the dynamics behind the processes of engagement between victims/ survivors and perpetrators. 

The Dialogue between Science and Society series was co-hosted by the Institute for Reconciliation and Social Justice. 

 

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