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23 June 2021 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Supplied
The Department of Engineering Sciences (EnSci) – under the leadership of Dr Abdolhossein Naghizadeh – is heading a collaboration of scientists to create a green concrete that will reduce the impact of cement on the environment.

Conventional cement production is responsible for more than 6% of the overall carbon emissions in the world, which ultimately affects global warming.

The Department of Engineering Sciences (EnSci) at the University of the Free State (UFS) – under the leadership of Dr Abdolhossein Naghizadeh – is heading a collaboration of scientists from universities in South Africa and abroad to create a green concrete that will reduce the impact of cement on the environment.

This product has the potential to be used as an alternative to conventional concrete in large-scale constructions such as residential buildings and infrastructure, as well as small-scale constructions such a pavements and brickworks. 

Dr Nagizadeh, whose passion is cement and green concrete, says the idea of eco-friendly concrete was considered by European researchers a few years ago; however, this technology is still in its initial stages and has not been researched and employed at industrial scale yet. He believes that it is due to the complexity of the preparation process, and the relatively aggressive chemicals used in green concrete mixtures.

Expertise and equipment 

With his knowledge and experience of the product, Dr Naghizadeh – who joined EnSci in 2020 – has been appointed project leader of a collaborative group of scientists from the Universities of Johannesburg, KwaZulu-Natal, Yaoundé in Cameroon, and the Erzurum Technical University in Turkey.  

“Since there are only a limited number of researchers in this field, EnSci is benefiting from the expertise of this international collaboration. The proficiency of this group of scientists are keeping the project current, based on the latest findings in the research area,” says Louis Lagrange, Head of the Department of Engineering Sciences. 

Based on this new capacity, the department decided to establish and equip a new laboratory facility dedicated to cement and concrete research, with a specific current focus on green concrete. 

In this laboratory, they want to create formulations of green concrete, based on user-friendly materials. Furthermore, they aim to simplify the preparation and mixing process. “This can introduce a more eco-friendly, desirable product that can easily be employed extensively in the construction industry,” says Lagrange.

Benefits and other advantages

Besides its ability to reduce the impact on the environment through reduced carbon emissions, the product is also described to perform at equal or even superior strength and durability compared to conventional concrete, with potentially substantial environmental and economic benefits. 

This product is also primarily made from waste materials or industrial by-products. Dr Naghizadeh explains it as follows: “Normal concrete consists of conventional (Portland) cement, sand, stone and water, while in green concrete the conventional cement part of the concrete mix is replaced by industrial wastes or by-products and alkali solutions. These alternative materials are mostly aluminosilicate materials such as fly ash (residue from coal burning process in power plants) and slag (waste material from iron extraction processes).”

“Using these waste substances as binding material in green concrete can, apart from the environmental benefits, also reduce waste and contribute to the circular economy. Annually, more than 36 million tons of fly ash are produced in South Africa alone, of which more than 90% is deposited at landfill sites. Reuse of these waste materials will moderate the related waste deposition issues, such as air and groundwater pollution.”

Production of green concrete

Currently, green concrete is mostly produced in two parts: a solid raw material and an alkali activation solution. With their project, the research group wants to develop green concrete in a powdered form, to be mixed with water, instead of a chemical. Dr Nagizadeh estimates that the construction industry will be able to benefit from their work in about two years’ time when they will have a user-friendly green concrete product ready. 

Apart from putting an eco-friendlier concrete on the market, this project is also establishing a brand-new research niche in the UFS Department of Engineering Sciences. According to Lagrange, this research has the ability to attract postgraduate students and other researchers. He is also looking forward to the international academic recognition that EnSci will receive through published articles in leading international journals, and the participation of researchers in accredited conferences arising from this project. 

Lagrange is pleased that the project is establishing EnSci as a research player of note in the engineering field, specifically in the green engineering field. 

News Archive

Student Transformation Forum kicks off
2010-08-19

Ms Nida Jooste and Ms Modieyi Mothole
Photo: Lize du Plessis

The establishment of a Broad Student Transformation Forum (BSTF) at the University of the Free State (UFS) was initiated yesterday with a student consultative forum called to determine the agenda and delegations to the BSTF.

The establishment of the BSTF follows the suspension of the functioning of the Student Representative Council (SRC) recently and aims to provide students broadly with the opportunity to reach consensus regarding student governance at the Main Campus in Bloemfontein.

The meeting was chaired by student affairs specialist Prof. Cecil Bodibe and was attended by representatives from student associations from all faculties, representatives of non-faculty student associations and representatives from residences. Commuter students were represented through private student associations.

“The meeting clearly expressed agreement that decisions taken by the BSTF should ensure that the student body and student-life programmes truly reflect our constitutional commitment to building a non-racial, non-sexist and democratic society, and that collaboration between students and management in affecting the decisions of the BSTF to achieve this should be prioritised,” Mr Rudi Buys, Dean of Student Affairs, said.

The forum agreed that apart from addressing specific questions pertaining to student governance, the BSTF should also address transformation issues broadly. The forum also agreed that the delegations to the BSTF should ensure that the forum is truly representative of the diverse student population and is inclusive of all stakeholder groups, including international students and students with disability. A proper process to determine the credentials of participating association was requested and will be implemented.

The meeting furthermore expressed the wish that the BSTF should exist only to determine the key changes that should be made to student governance now, so that the postponed SRC elections may continue as soon as possible. The BSTF will thus have a temporary role to enable the student body to reach consensus regarding changes to the SRC constitution.

Meanwhile, an Interim Student Committee (ISC) was appointed, which has the role to ensure the continuation of daily student life programmes and to ensure student representation in management and governance of the university continues during the deliberations of the BSTF. The ISC serves as an interim structure that will dissolve when a new SRC takes office following the outcome of the BSTF and the continuation of the SRC election.

The ISC consists of 15 members who were appointed through a process of nomination of four (4) members each from the faculty-student associations, non-faculty student associations and from residences, and three (3) members from the student executive committees of Kovsie Community Service, the Irawa student newspaper and the Kovsie Rag executive committee.

The ISC elected Ms Modieyi Mothole and Ms Nida Jooste as its chairperson and deputy-chairperson, respectively.
“I’m encouraged with the initiative and response of students to ensure student governance continues, which bears witness to the depth of leadership our student body holds, while the level of engagement by students in the BSTF indicates that the student body seriously consider issues of transformation,” said Mr Buys.

Media Release
Issued by: Lacea Loader
Director: Strategic Communication (actg.)
Tel: 051 401 2584
Cell: 083 645 2454
E-mail: loaderl@ufs.ac.za  
19 August 2010
 

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