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23 June 2021 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Supplied
The Department of Engineering Sciences (EnSci) – under the leadership of Dr Abdolhossein Naghizadeh – is heading a collaboration of scientists to create a green concrete that will reduce the impact of cement on the environment.

Conventional cement production is responsible for more than 6% of the overall carbon emissions in the world, which ultimately affects global warming.

The Department of Engineering Sciences (EnSci) at the University of the Free State (UFS) – under the leadership of Dr Abdolhossein Naghizadeh – is heading a collaboration of scientists from universities in South Africa and abroad to create a green concrete that will reduce the impact of cement on the environment.

This product has the potential to be used as an alternative to conventional concrete in large-scale constructions such as residential buildings and infrastructure, as well as small-scale constructions such a pavements and brickworks. 

Dr Nagizadeh, whose passion is cement and green concrete, says the idea of eco-friendly concrete was considered by European researchers a few years ago; however, this technology is still in its initial stages and has not been researched and employed at industrial scale yet. He believes that it is due to the complexity of the preparation process, and the relatively aggressive chemicals used in green concrete mixtures.

Expertise and equipment 

With his knowledge and experience of the product, Dr Naghizadeh – who joined EnSci in 2020 – has been appointed project leader of a collaborative group of scientists from the Universities of Johannesburg, KwaZulu-Natal, Yaoundé in Cameroon, and the Erzurum Technical University in Turkey.  

“Since there are only a limited number of researchers in this field, EnSci is benefiting from the expertise of this international collaboration. The proficiency of this group of scientists are keeping the project current, based on the latest findings in the research area,” says Louis Lagrange, Head of the Department of Engineering Sciences. 

Based on this new capacity, the department decided to establish and equip a new laboratory facility dedicated to cement and concrete research, with a specific current focus on green concrete. 

In this laboratory, they want to create formulations of green concrete, based on user-friendly materials. Furthermore, they aim to simplify the preparation and mixing process. “This can introduce a more eco-friendly, desirable product that can easily be employed extensively in the construction industry,” says Lagrange.

Benefits and other advantages

Besides its ability to reduce the impact on the environment through reduced carbon emissions, the product is also described to perform at equal or even superior strength and durability compared to conventional concrete, with potentially substantial environmental and economic benefits. 

This product is also primarily made from waste materials or industrial by-products. Dr Naghizadeh explains it as follows: “Normal concrete consists of conventional (Portland) cement, sand, stone and water, while in green concrete the conventional cement part of the concrete mix is replaced by industrial wastes or by-products and alkali solutions. These alternative materials are mostly aluminosilicate materials such as fly ash (residue from coal burning process in power plants) and slag (waste material from iron extraction processes).”

“Using these waste substances as binding material in green concrete can, apart from the environmental benefits, also reduce waste and contribute to the circular economy. Annually, more than 36 million tons of fly ash are produced in South Africa alone, of which more than 90% is deposited at landfill sites. Reuse of these waste materials will moderate the related waste deposition issues, such as air and groundwater pollution.”

Production of green concrete

Currently, green concrete is mostly produced in two parts: a solid raw material and an alkali activation solution. With their project, the research group wants to develop green concrete in a powdered form, to be mixed with water, instead of a chemical. Dr Nagizadeh estimates that the construction industry will be able to benefit from their work in about two years’ time when they will have a user-friendly green concrete product ready. 

Apart from putting an eco-friendlier concrete on the market, this project is also establishing a brand-new research niche in the UFS Department of Engineering Sciences. According to Lagrange, this research has the ability to attract postgraduate students and other researchers. He is also looking forward to the international academic recognition that EnSci will receive through published articles in leading international journals, and the participation of researchers in accredited conferences arising from this project. 

Lagrange is pleased that the project is establishing EnSci as a research player of note in the engineering field, specifically in the green engineering field. 

News Archive

SRC Inauguration speech: 22 January 2005
2005-01-22

Campus Head (Prof Peter Mbati). Dean of Students (Dr Natie Luyt). Deputy Director: Student Affairs and my boss (Mr. Teboho Manchu), Members of the University executive and Academic staff members, SRC members, Leaders of trade Unions and Student organizations, Distinguished guests, Ladies and gentlemen, most importantly first entering students and Parents receive my heartfelt revolutionary greetings.

Let me extend my word of appreciation to our distinguished guests for adding value and dignity to this event. Your presence here means a lot to us. Program Director what I bring here with me, assisted by facts, and is therefore just the work of my imagination. Like a love letter addressed to a sweetheart miles away, even though you do not know how she feels, what she wants to hear, and do not even know how her face looks like.

To me a speech is just an honest and intimate conversation. That is why I got into the habit of establishing a dialogue, or a debate, with my acquaintances looking at their faces and trying to persuade them of what I am telling them.

Mr. Speaker and Madam Deputy Speaker of the Student Parliament we are gathering at this ceremony, significantly few weeks after the release of grade 12 results, with the exception of those from Mpumalanga because of fraud. The Grade 12 results also show that only 18% of Black learners matriculated with exemptions, as compared to 53, 6% of white learners. This is an indication that our education system needs an overhaul.

We are also gathered here significantly a day after the management retreat held in Bloemfontein, Masselspoort. The retreat discussed, among other things, the transformation agenda, and some possible solutions to challenges we are facing now.

Most regrettably, we are gathered here when the whole world morns the victims of Tsunami tragedy. Let me therefore tore the line and convey our deepest condolences, from the last robot of my heart, to the affected families. Our hearts and thoughts will always be occupied by this horrified tragedy.

Creating a new Institution

I would submit, for purposes of debate and discussions that this Institution should strive to specialize and excel in regional rural development studies. Since our higher education, institutions in South Africa are generally weak in rural development studies. Instead, most of them tend to have an urban orientation to their programmes. Training everybody for the cities, big business and the private sector. This is a big weakness in a country with such large rural areas and population trapped in poverty, disease and ignorance.

Women’s studies

Program Director, it is only a moron who can argue against the fact that for us to reposition the institution around the regional development challenge, we need to start first with women empowerment. It is a fact that in most of our poor communities and families, it is women who withstand the worst of poverty. They are the ones who daily have to wipe tears from children who are hungry. It is women who look after the sick, the elderly, those dying from AIDS and the jobless. They are the one who have to fetch water, make fire and cook. There can therefore be no rural development studies without women studies, in particular on how to empower them and assist in the provision of basic services, so that they are relieved from some of the burdensome task of the society.

Registration Process

Mr. Speaker and Madam Deputy Speaker of the Student Parliament let me indicate that the registration is a process and not an event, so it cannot be concluded overnight. This huge process demands for people to stay calm, as there is no crisis. People should stop being excited. At the same time, no organization should use its cheap popularity and unilaterally disrupt the continuous and smooth running of the registration process at hand.

Let me strongly indicate, madam deputy speaker, that I am on record for stating that I have forgiven all those who have wronged us. I harbour no bitterness towards the protagonists of our painful and unfortunate events of the past week. And we will overcome this process not by our own devices but by the help of Almighty God and the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Concerning registration of first years, we have programs, concerning that of senior students, we have programs, regarding graduations we have programs, and concerning HIV\AIDS we have programs. So, there is no need for people to press panicking buttons.

Mr. Speaker and Madam Deputy Speaker of the Student Parliament let me be opportunistic and welcome the entire student body on Campus for the academic year 2005. May our lovely first entering students have a happy and momentous year as part of Qwaqwa Campus of University of the Free State. May your studies be fruitful and enjoyable.

Student years are generally the happiest years of your life, so please make the most of them. While you are doing, all your preparations bear in mind that University is not an opportunity, it is just creating opportunities for a person.

On behalf of SRC members, our people, our students and management members I would like to welcome you all. Even though your parents are far away, here at Uniqwa you have more brothers, more sisters and more parents. Since we will love you with the same love as if we are from one family, and I have no doubts that management members will love and care for you as if you are their own children. Should you encounter any problem while studying at the Qwaqwa Campus of University of the Free State do not hesitate to contact us at the SRC offices because we need to ameliorate any factor influencing you negatively while on campus. I wish you well in the attainment of your academic pursuit.

Senior Students: We are not faced with just a new year but another academic year where we all have to work together to achieve our common goal of building our Institution through the development of human power. I urge you to invest your whole selves in this SRC.

For quite some time now, a debate has been ranging as to, whether has there been any progress in this incorporation process, or we are just moving with no direction. This debate is important, but I hasten to add not essential. The SRC is also involved in this debate, but with definite shift in emphasis. For us it is not important to participate in the debate than it is in finding solutions for the challenges of this new chapter in the history of humankind.

To my colleagues: Comrades, we are leading this Institution with a sense of pride and duty, and I know very well that we lead men and women, students who are determined to ensure that we all reach our destination safely and on time.

I said in one of our meetings that there are more enemies on our way, more than we can imagine. I think you witnessed that during the course of this week. The excitement and unnecessary confusions caused by some confused and loosed charlatans bear testimony to my statements. We should not reveal our game plans unless we are ready to slam.

Let me also borrow from the words of the late Albert Lethuli when he said and I quote: “There remains before us the building of the new land, from the ruins of the old narrow groups, a synthesis of the rich cultural strains which we have inherited. The task is immense”. Lastly, a navy divided within its ranks will be vanquished and destroyed by the enemy, but a navy united in purpose and action, loyalty and commitment will not drawn but sail on to victory.

In conclusion, let me call upon all political structures, church denominations, developmental structures, clubs, societies and forums to put aside all their differences, ideological insinuations and forge unity towards transforming Qwaqwa Campus of University of the Free State into an institution that is seen playing vigilant role in developing students academically, politically, socially, spiritually, religiously, culturally and otherwise.

Program Director, let me end my speech by indicating that every drop of my blood is telling me that Uniqwa is my home. I firstly became a student here, I became an activist here, I became a leader here, I became a president here, I will become a graduant here and hopefully I will become an employee here. So never, doubt my commitment towards the community of this campus.

Please be informed, in a central University of Technology’s way, that if there is no UNIQWA in HEAVEN, then I am not GOING.

Let us broaden the social base.

Tello Titus Wa-Motloung President General

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