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24 February 2023 | Story Leonie Bolleurs | Photo Supplied
The Annual Final-Year Student Exhibition of the Department of Fine Arts will be open for viewing at the Johannes Stegmann Gallery until 24 March 2023.

The Annual Final-Year Student Exhibition of the Department of Fine Arts at the University of the Free State is underway.

The exhibition, which is on display in the Johannes Stegmann Gallery on the ground floor of the UFS Sasol Library on the UFS Bloemfontein Campus, will be open for viewing until 24 March 2023. The exhibition event is scheduled for 1 March 2023 at 18:00.

Angela de Jesus, Curator of the UFS Art Gallery, says the exhibition comprises artworks made by the final-year Fine Arts students in the Department of Fine Arts. “Each student works with a particular research topic or theme of their choosing.”

This year’s exhibition features the work of Courtney Micaela Parsons, Megan Johns, PK Mohanoe, and Natley Bernardo. 

Craft as art

Parsons, who is interested in the notion of craft as art, in particular transgenerational and traditional female crafts, has transformed a found bed into an art object with her work Stitching generational divides. 

“The artwork was inspired by a copper bed that belonged to three generations of women in my family. In the artwork, I explore the relationships between these generations and the bonds formed, or the lack thereof, through traditional female teachings,” she says.

The artist feels that her artwork speaks to a wish she has to forge closer ties with her maternal line and nostalgia for moments not had. “The skill of crochet is symbolic of the skills that would have been taught by older generations, which are longed for in my own life.”


Constructing art

About his works on display, named Shoot our shot, Heavy labour, Artist on site, and Artistic labour, Mohanoe says that one of the main aims of his art is to address issues regarding contentious everyday working environments and the challenges that many workers have to face in South Africa today. These include inadequate resources, a lack of occupational health and safety measures, and being poorly paid.

“I am interested in this because I personally had to overcome many challenges in having to work part time while studying full time.”

“I explore this theme and compare it to the labour involved in artmaking and the creation process,” he adds. 

Mohanoe explains that his art consists of materials that can be both building and art materials, such as wooden doors, stones, and metal. “I layer, construct, deconstruct, paint, carve, and destroy these materials and document my creative process to emphasise the intense labour that is often hidden behind a final work of art,” he says, adding that he hopes to evoke empathy and encourage appreciation towards this labour by the artist, the worker, and the labouring artist.

Visiting the exhibition, visitors can also look forward to Mohanoe’s Mosebetsi o Phethahetse (image below).

Content 1

Mohanoe’s Mosebetsi o Phethahetse

Mixed media on three deconstructed doors,

 metal chain, artists conti suit, wheelbarrow,

boots, stones, bricks & drop sheet

Dimensions vary

Water and the subconscious

Barnardo, who grew up in the Western Cape, was surrounded by water in her early years and longed for it after moving to the Free State. 

“I experienced a sense of loss, which initiated my need to return to and surround myself with water. The water is a place of nostalgia for me, where I can experience an overflow of memories and thoughts, because I relate to its fluidity and plurality,” explains Barnardo, who has on display works named Changing mid-stream, Submerged subconscious I, II, and III, Translucent memory, and Fragmentary waters I, II

She says that the transparent quality of water becomes the vehicle that purifies and clarifies her understanding of her own subconscious mind – a place of reminiscence that allows her to cross the threshold into the subconscious and brings hidden things to the surface. 

Also on display is a video installation, named Liminal Spaces between water and the subconscious. Barnardo says she blindly takes video footage underwater, which allows her to discover and rediscover things that were hidden from view. “In doing so, I allude to the latency of images within the subconscious mind,” she says. 

 

Natley Barnardo, 

Submerged

subconscious I,

digital photography, 46 x 69.5cm

Art and the self

In her art, Johns is interested in investigating how childhood trauma and abandonment can affect adult life and how it can be the source of obsessive melancholia.

Melancholia, Johns believes, is compared to the constant reopening of an old wound. “In my artwork, the artistic practice of drawing, scribbling, or scratching represents the ‘scratching open of old wounds’. The process of scratching or marring a surface is similar to how scratching a wound mars the skin. These scratches also speak of the long-lasting damage that trauma can bring to memory. I use drawings which are reminiscent of childhood mark-making and scribbling, combining them with old family photographs and objects associated with childhood play,” describes Johns.

She has on display digital drawings and collages on perspex, including Harmonious union, Mother and daughter, and Self-portrait

There are also two collections of this artist on display, named Puzzle, and Abandoned objects series.

The exhibition can also be viewed online here


News Archive

Stem cell research and human cloning: legal and ethical focal points
2004-07-29

   

(Summary of the inaugural lecture of Prof Hennie Oosthuizen, from the Department of Criminal and Medical Law at the Faculty of Law of the University of the Free State.)

 

In the light of stem cell research, research on embryo’s and human cloning it will be fatal for legal advisors and researchers in South Africa to ignore the benefits that new bio-medical development, through research, contain for this country.

Legal advisors across the world have various views on stem cell research and human cloning. In the USA there is no legislation that regulates stem cell research but a number of States adopted legislation that approves stem cell research. The British Parlement gave permission for research on embryonic stem cells, but determined that it must be monitored closely and the European Union is of the opinion that it will open a door for race purification and commercial exploitation of human beings.

In South Africa the Bill on National Health makes provision for therapeutical and non therapeutical research. It also makes provision for therapeutical embryonical stem cell research on fetuses, which is not older than 14 days, as well as for therapeutical cloning under certain circumstances subject to the approval of the Minister. The Bill prohibits reproductive cloning.

Research on human embrio’s is a very controversial issue, here and in the rest of the world.

Researchers believe that the use of stem cell therapy could help to side-step the rejection of newly transplanted organs and tissue and if a bank for stem cell could be built, the shortage of organs for transplants would become something of the past. Stem cells could also be used for healing of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and spinal injuries.

Sources from which stem cells are obtained could also lead to further ethical issues. Stem cells are harvested from mature human cells and embryonic stem cells. Another source to be utilised is to take egg cells from the ovaries of aborted fetuses. This will be morally unacceptable for those against abortions. Linking a financial incentive to that could become more of a controversial issue because the woman’s decision to abort could be influenced. The ideal would be to rather use human fetus tissue from spontaneous abortions or extra-uterine pregnancies than induced abortions.

The potential to obtain stem cells from the blood of the umbilical cord, bone-marrow and fetus tissue and for these cells to arrange themselves is known for quite some time. Blood from the umbilical cord contains many stem cells, which is the origin of the body’s immune and blood system. It is beneficial to bank the blood of a newborn baby’s umbilical cord. Through stem cell transplants the baby or another family member’s life could be saved from future illnesses such as anemia, leukemia and metabolic storing disabilities as well as certain generic immuno disabilities.

The possibility to withdraw stem cells from human embrio’s and to grow them is more useable because it has more treatment possibilities.

With the birth of Dolly the sheep, communities strongly expressed their concern about the possibility that a new cloning technique such as the replacement of the core of a cell will be used in human reproduction. Embryonic splitting and core replacement are two well known techniques that are associated with the cloning process.

I differentiate between reproductive cloning – to create a cloned human embryo with the aim to bring about a pregnancy of a child that is identical to another individual – and therapeutically cloning – to create a cloned human embryo for research purposes and for healing human illnesses.

Worldwide people are debating whether to proceed with therapeutical cloning. There are people for and against it. The biggest ethical objection against therapeutical cloning is the termination of the development of a potential human being.

Children born from cloning will differ from each other. Factors such as the uterus environment and the environment in which the child is growing up will play a role. Cloning create unique children that will grow up to be unique individuals, just like me and you that will develop into a person, just like you and me. If we understand this scientific fact, most arguments against human cloning will disappear.

Infertility can be treated through in vitro conception. This process does not work for everyone. For some cloning is a revolutionary treatment method because it is the only method that does not require patients to produce sperm and egg cells. The same arguments that were used against in vitro conception in the past are now being used against cloning. It is years later and in vitro cloning is generally applied and accepted by society. I am of the opinion that the same will happen with regard to human cloning.

There is an argument that cloning must be prohibited because it is unsafe. Distorted ideas in this regard were proven wrong. Are these distorted ideas justified to question the safety of cloning and the cloning process you may ask. The answer, according to me, is a definite no. Human cloning does have many advantages. That includes assistance with infertility, prevention of Down Syndrome and recovery from leukemia.

 

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