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Winter School Law
Academics, legal practitioners and students gathered at the 2025 Winter School and Conference on Constitutionalism in Africa to engage on unconstitutional changes of government.

The Faculty of Law at the University of the Free State (UFS), in collaboration with the African Network of Constitutional Lawyers (ANCL), hosted its second Winter School and Conference on Constitutionalism in Africa from 28 to 31 July 2025. 

Held on the UFS Bloemfontein Campus, the event brought together academics, legal practitioners, judges, students, and political leaders from across the continent to engage with one of Africa’s most urgent challenges: unconstitutional changes of government (UCGs).

This year’s theme, ‘Unconstitutional Changes of Government in Africa’, offered a platform for dynamic, relevant, and often difficult conversations. Over four days, participants explored the historical and colonial underpinnings of UCGs, as well as their causes, manifestations, and possible solutions. The programme also encouraged critical and policy-informed discussions that reflected a shared commitment to democratic governance, constitutional accountability, and African-led solutions.

 

A platform rooted in urgency, solidarity, and African solutions

There was a clear sense among speakers and attendees that constitutionalism in Africa is facing a critical moment, and that academic spaces like the Winter School are necessary not only to understand this crisis, but to respond to it. Dr Jacques Matthee, Vice-Dean for Learning, Teaching, Innovation and Digitalisation in the UFS Faculty of Law, captured the broader sentiment: “We are reminded of the power of intellectual community, of dialogue across borders, and of our shared commitment to democratic values, justice, and accountability across the continent.”

He added that what united the participants was not just “a theme of urgent relevance, but also the growing conviction that solutions to Africa’s constitutional challenges must emerge from Africa itself”. The conference, he said, reaffirmed that, “The true impact of a law faculty is not measured by rankings or buildings, but by the values it cultivates and the contribution it makes to society.” Hosting the Winter School, then, became “a living testament to the values of openness, scholarship, African solidarity and justice”.

 

African voices on legal and political instability

The programme was shaped by diverse African voices, offering a range of insights into the erosion and resilience of constitutional frameworks. The Winter School featured keynote addresses by leading scholars in the field of constitutional law. Prof Charles Fombad, Director of the Institute for International and Comparative Law in Africa at the University of Pretoria, delivered a lecture on ‘Unconstitutional Changes in Government: Comparative Perspectives, Patterns, Problems and Prospects’. Prof Karin van Marle, Research Chair in Gender, Transformation, and Worldmaking at the University of the Western Cape, explored ‘Unconstitutional Changes in Government: Gender Implications and Preventative Strategies’. Prof Wahab Egbewole, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ilorin and Senior Advocate of Nigeria, presented on ‘Understanding and Predicting Unconstitutional Changes of Government: Megatrends, Causes, Effects and Legacies’.  

Khanya Motshabi, Senior Lecturer in the UFS Faculty of Law’s Department of Public Law and one of the coordinators of the conference, said the theme for this year’s Winter School emerged “almost naturally” from both recent developments across the continent and last year’s theme, ‘Confronting the “Crisis” of Democratic Constitutionalism in Africa’. 

“We had a longish period of democratisation linked partly to the NEPAD initiative, but also to global geopolitical conditions… which created space for the expansion of democratic constitutionalist habit on our continent,” Motshabi explained. “And then a massive regression, which signalled us quite powerfully that constitutionalism in Africa is indeed in crisis.”

 

Academic responses to Africa’s constitutional crises 

Reflecting on the goals of the Winter School, he noted: “We thought it incumbent on ourselves as thinkers on constitutionalism in Africa to be relevant in responding to actual conditions on the continent.” He added that the participants’ engagement reinforced this purpose: “They asked some of the most searching, hardest questions, which means that our concerns are not just parochial scholarly concerns, but concerns that respond to realities and changes in our environment.” The Winter School, he emphasised, aligns with the ambitions of the university itself: “… to be regionally engaged and to make a difference in terms of the development of our societies”.

The four-day programme included panel discussions, keynote lectures, and debates covering judicial independence, democratic backsliding, the militarisation of governance, and fragile transitions. Attendees examined not only how constitutionalism is being undermined, but also how institutions, civil society, and legal scholars might better protect and advance it.

Among those who attended was Prof Azubike Onuora-Oguno, also from the University of Ilorin. “It’s a continuation of a process I have faith in,” he said, reflecting on his second Winter School experience. “The content of the presentations has been rich, engaging, very rewarding. We’re excited for what the future holds. I’m already thinking how 2026 would look like and I can bet you, it will be a blockbuster.”

He added: “Legal cultures are different. You could see that perception and perspective from the different African countries. We need this to shape the Africa we want, building toward the ideal… The continuation of this would ensure that we are doing our bit as academics to build a robust continent where we can interrogate issues, influence policies, and hopefully ground a better Africa.”

News Archive

Degrees and diplomas are awarded
2009-09-01



The Spring Graduation Ceremony of the University of the Free State (UFS) took place in the Arena of the South Campus in Bloemfontein this week. Altogether 832 degrees and diplomas, 34 doctoral degrees, two honorary doctorates and a Councillor’s Medal were conferred.

 

 

All smiles. Three students who received the Advanced Diploma in Disaster Management at the spring graduation ceremony of the University of the Free State, are from the left: Oboneng Cynthia Tshitannye from Vryburg, Ramapulana Nkoana from Tzaneen and Sindisiwe Myide from Pietermaritzburg. The ceremony took place on the South Campus of the university.
Photo: Leatitia Pienaar

 
 

Diploma ontvang. Sowat duisend studente het in September op die Universiteit van die Vrystaat se lente-gradeplegtigheid grade of diplomas ontvang. Hier is Adri Lourens (links) van Medi-Clinic Bloemfontein wat die Gevorderde Universiteitsdiploma in Gemeenskapsverpleegkunde ontvang het, by haar ma, mev. Helen Lourens, ook van Bloemfontein.
Foto: Leatitia Pienaar

 

Thursday, 17 September 2009

Degrees in die Faculties of the Humanities, Health Sciences, Education, Law and Theology 

 

Three students obtained their PhD degrees in Higher Education Studies. They are, from the left: Dr Liezel Massyn, Dr Andile Dandala and Dr Mpho Moagi-Jama. Dr Massyn, Teaching and Learning Manager in the Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, completed her thesis titled “A framework for learning design in different modes of delivery in an adult learning programme”. Prof. Annette Wilkinson is her promoter and Dr Rika van Schoor is her co-promoter. Dr Dandala, Director: Quality Assurance at the Walter Sisulu University completed his thesis on “The challenges of designing a new programme and qualification (PQM) mix for a comprehensive university in South Africa”. His promoter is Prof. Johnny Hay and the co-promoter is Dr Louis van der Westuizen. Dr Moagi-Jama, a lecturer in the Faculty of Health Sciences completed her thesis on “Designing an academic support and development programme to combat attrition among non-traditional undergraduates”. Her promoter is Prof. Mabokang Monnapula-Mapesela and the co-promoter is Dr Adri Beylefeld.
Photo: Leonie Bolleurs

 

UFS awards degrees in health sciences

This week the University of the Free State (UFS) held its spring graduation ceremony on the  South Campus in Bloemfontein. At this occasion George Visser received his M.Med. (Anes), Wilandi Jacobs received her M.Med. (Surgery) and Deon Menge received his M.Med. (Surgery) in the Faculty of Health Sciences.
Photo: Leonie Bolleurs

 

Megan Murphy (left) and Danielle Rose received their B.Soc.Sc. qualifications in the Faculty of the Humanities.
Photo: Leonie Bolleurs

 

Dumisane Nxumalo received his Master’s Degree in Labour Law in the Faculty of Law.
Photo: Leonie Bolleurs

 

Former Kovsies see their daughter graduate
Mr Danie Botha and his wife Alta today attended their daughter, Marali’s graduation ceremony. Marali received her B.Ed. qualification in the Faculty of the Education at the University of the Free State (UFS). Mr and Mrs Botha are alumni of the university.
Photo: Leonie Bolleurs

 

Spring graduation ceremony held at the UFS

At this year’s spring graduation ceremony of the University of the Free State (UFS) that was held on the South Campus, Cordelia de Waal received her B.Soc.Sc. Honours degree and Danie de Klerk received his B.A. degree in Language Studies and English. Both these qualifications are presented in the Faculty of the Humanities.
Photo: Leonie Bolleurs

 

Youngest Ph.D. in education awarded at the UFS

Dr Nalize Marais (second from the left), Senior Officer at the University of the Free State's (UFS) Centre for Higher Education Studies and Development (CHESD), today became the youngest student in the history of the university to receive a Ph.D. in education. Her she is with Dr John Bowes (left), Deputy Principal at Bedelia Primary in Welkom, Prof. Rita Niemann, Associate Professor in the Department of Comparative Education and Education Management and promoter of the three students, and Dr Ben Oosthuyse, teacher at Voortrekker High School in Bethlehem. Dr Marais submitted her thesis at the age of 27. All three students received a Ph.D. in Education Management.
Photo: Leonie Bolleurs

Wednesday, 16 September 2009

Degrees in die Faculties of Natural and Agricultural Sciences and Economic and Management Sciences were awarded.

 
Two honorary doctorates and one Council Medal were awarded during the Chancellor’s Dinner. Prof. Johan Grobbelaar, Senior Professor in the Department Plant Sciences received the Councillor’s Medal for dedicated service to the UFS for more than 40 years, Judge Louis Harms received the degree Doctor Legum (Honoris Causa) and the degree Philosophiae Doctor (Honoris Causa) was conferred upon Mr Johan Loock. At the Chancellor’s Dinner were, from the left: Prof. Grobbelaar, Dr Franklin Sonn, Chancellor if the UFS, Judge Harms, Judge Faan Hancke, Chairperson of the UFS Council and Mr Loock.
Foto: Stephen Collett
 
The degree B.Com. Economics was awarded to Heinrich Brüssow, Springbok and Cheetah rugby player and former Shimla player. Here is Heinrich with Prof. Jonathan Jansen, Rector and Vice-Chancellor – one of his biggest supporters.
Photo: Lacea Loader
 
Prof. Helena van Zyl, Director of the UFS School for Business (in the front in the red gown) together with the group of MBA students who graduated.
Photo: Lacea Loader
 
Azar Debbo (right) received the degree B.Sc. Genetics. With him is his brother Alec, who received the degree B.A. in Drama and Theatre Arts from the UFS in 2007, and their father Al Debbo, comedian, actor and singer.
Photo: Lacea Loader
 
From the left is: Matseliso Phafoli, who received an B.Com.Hons. in Economics, Kenekwe Moumo, who received the degree B.Com.Hons. in Financial Economics and Managerial Accounting, and Teboho Maichu, who also received a B.Com.Hons. degree in Financial Economics and Investment Management.
Photo: Lacea Loader
 
The degree B.Com.Hons. in Psychological Equivalence was awarded to Robynne Sudbury and Siyabonga Nyembe received received a B.Sc. degree in Biochemistry.
Photo: Lacea Loader

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